Waschke, Jens, Bergmann, Martin, Braeuer, Lars, Brenner, Erich ORCID: 0000-0001-6739-1198, Buchhorn, Andreas, Deutsch, Arlette, Dokter, Martin, Egu, Desalegn Tadesse, Erguen, Suelleyman, Fassnacht, Ulrich, Fietz, Daniela, Gundlach, Stefanie, Heermann, Stephan ORCID: 0000-0001-7374-8886, Hirt, Bernhard, Kugelmann, Daniela, Mueller-Gerbl, Magdalena, Neiss, Wolfram, Nimtschke, Ute, Plendl, Johanna, Pretterklieber, Michael, Redies, Christoph, Scaal, Martin, Schmidt, Mirko H. H., Schmiedl, Andreas, Schnittler, Hans-Joachim, Schomerus, Christof, Sebesteny, Tamas, Spittau, Bjoern, Steiniger, Birte, Tschernig, Thomas, Unverzagt, Axel, Viebahn, Christoph, Voigt, Ernst, Weigner, Janet, Weyers, Imke, Winkelmann, Andreas ORCID: 0000-0003-1047-2477, Winkler, Merle and Paulsen, Friedrich (2019). Recommendations of the working group of the Anatomische Gesellschaft on reduction of formaldehyde exposure in anatomical curricula and institutes. Ann. Anat.-Anat. Anz., 221. S. 179 - 186. MUNICH: ELSEVIER GMBH. ISSN 1618-0402

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Abstract

The practice of human and veterinary medicine is based on the science of anatomy and dissection courses are still irreplaceable in the teaching of anatomy. Embalming is required to preserve body donors, for which process formaldehyde (FA) is the most frequently used and well characterized biocidal substance. Since January 2016, a new occupational exposure limit (OEL) for FA of 0.37 mg/m(3) issued by the European Committee on Hazardous Substances is obligatory since FA has been classified as a human 1B carcinogen. The anatomical institutes in the German-speaking region are called upon to consolidate efforts to reduce use of FA in anatomical curricula and body donations. As a result, the Anatomische Gesellschaft (AG) has formed a Working Group for Reduction of Formaldehyde Exposure in Dissection Courses tasked with discussion and recommendation of measures to reduce FA. Based on the assessment of the Working Group, the AG has issued an official opinion to the effect that, at this point in time, embalming of body donors without FA completely is not feasible. Therefore, a combination of approaches are to be used to reduce FA exposure, including technical and structural (architectural) adaptations, modification of protocols for fixation and preservation as well as organizational measures. One structural measure considered unavoidable is the integration of air supply and exhaust of individual dissecting tables into the ventilation system of the anatomy building. To embalm human body donors, intra-arterial perfusion fixation with up to 4% FA and a total fluid volume of 150 mL/kg body weight will suffice. For animals where body weights and biology of bodies vary widely (i.e. special needs of fixation for ruminants, large animals as horses) perfusion fixation with up to 4% FA and a quantity of fixative solution of 10-15% of the body weight may be required. Preservation of body donors in storage (immersion) can be done with 40% ethanol or in a full bath preservation containing up to 2% FA. Corpse humidification in the dissecting room is possible with 2% phenoxyethanol, in each case without FA. In veterinary anatomy, microbiological burden is often higher and therefore might lead to a need of FA in long-time storage. Compliance with the current OEL in all institutes would appear to be feasible in combination with various organizational measures. (C) 2018 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Waschke, JensUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bergmann, MartinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Braeuer, LarsUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brenner, ErichUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-6739-1198UNSPECIFIED
Buchhorn, AndreasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Deutsch, ArletteUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dokter, MartinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Egu, Desalegn TadesseUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Erguen, SuelleymanUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fassnacht, UlrichUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fietz, DanielaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gundlach, StefanieUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Heermann, StephanUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-7374-8886UNSPECIFIED
Hirt, BernhardUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kugelmann, DanielaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mueller-Gerbl, MagdalenaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Neiss, WolframUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nimtschke, UteUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Plendl, JohannaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pretterklieber, MichaelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Redies, ChristophUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Scaal, MartinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schmidt, Mirko H. H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schmiedl, AndreasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schnittler, Hans-JoachimUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schomerus, ChristofUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sebesteny, TamasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Spittau, BjoernUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Steiniger, BirteUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tschernig, ThomasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Unverzagt, AxelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Viebahn, ChristophUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Voigt, ErnstUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Weigner, JanetUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Weyers, ImkeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Winkelmann, AndreasUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-1047-2477UNSPECIFIED
Winkler, MerleUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Paulsen, FriedrichUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-139720
DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.10.007
Journal or Publication Title: Ann. Anat.-Anat. Anz.
Volume: 221
Page Range: S. 179 - 186
Date: 2019
Publisher: ELSEVIER GMBH
Place of Publication: MUNICH
ISSN: 1618-0402
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
TEACHING ANATOMY; FIXATION; FUTUREMultiple languages
Anatomy & MorphologyMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/13972

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