Universität zu Köln

Schwarzbauer, Jan ORCID: 0000-0001-7307-9491, Stock, Friederike ORCID: 0000-0003-4182-3778, Brueckner, Helmut, Dsikowitzky, Larissa and Krichel, Marc (2018). Molecular organic indicators for human activities in the Roman harbor of Ephesus, Turkey. Geoarchaeology, 33 (4). S. 498 - 510. HOBOKEN: WILEY. ISSN 1520-6548

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Abstract

Intensive organic-geochemical analyses were applied to sediment core samples from the Roman harbor of Ephesus that date to the open, protected, and post-harbor time periods. Screening analyses revealed a substance spectrum comprising n-alkanes, fatty acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and selected terpenoids. All these substance groups have been quantified and show a significant increase of concentration in the samples affected by the intensive use of Ephesus' Roman harbor. However, a unique indicator substance or a single anthropogenic marker compound directly reflecting ancient harbor activities has not been identified. Nonetheless, systematic changes in the patterns of some major organic substance groups (PAHs, fatty acids, and n-alkanes) point to a significant change in the composition of organic matter (OM), which might reflect increased anthropogenic impacts during Ephesus' flourishing period. These observations are likely related to enhanced anthropogenic use of natural products, such as waxes, and subsequent discharge by municipal sewage or the direct use and emission of such products in the harbor area. This study clearly demonstrates the usefulness of indicative organic compounds and changes in their patterns through time to detect the activities of ancient civilizations. This approach can be transferred to other sedimentary geoarchives associated with former settlement activities.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Schwarzbauer, Jan UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-7307-9491 UNSPECIFIED Stock, Friederike UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-4182-3778 UNSPECIFIED Brueckner, Helmut UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Dsikowitzky, Larissa UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Krichel, Marc UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-182277
DOI:	10.1002/gea.21669
Journal or Publication Title:	Geoarchaeology
Volume:	33
Number:	4
Page Range:	S. 498 - 510
Date:	2018
Publisher:	WILEY
Place of Publication:	HOBOKEN
ISSN:	1520-6548
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language DIAGNOSTIC RATIOS; ANCIENT EPHESUS; WESTERN TURKEY; PAH; POLLUTION; RIVER; IDENTIFICATION; ARTEMISION; SETTLEMENT; IMPACTS Multiple languages Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/18227