Universität zu Köln

Juvela, M., Malinen, J., Montillaud, J., Pelkonen, V-M, Ristorcelli, I and Toth, L., V (2018). Galactic cold cores IX. Column density structures and radiative-transfer modelling. Astron. Astrophys., 614. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 1432-0746

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Abstract

Context. The Galactic Cold Cores (GCC) project has made Herschel photometric observations of interstellar clouds where Planck detected compact sources of cold dust emission. The fields are in different environments and stages of star formation. Aims. Our aim is to characterise the structure of the clumps and their parent clouds, and to study the connections between the environment and the formation of gravitationally bound objects. We also examine the accuracy to which the structure of dense clumps can be determined from sub-millimetre data. Methods. We use standard statistical methods to characterise the GCC fields. Individual clumps are extracted using column density thresholding. Based on sub-millimetre measurements, we construct a three-dimensional radiative transfer (RT) model for each field. These are used to estimate the relative radiation field intensities, to probe the clump stability, and to examine the uncertainty of column density estimates. We examine the structural parameters of the clumps, including their radial column density profiles. Results. In the GCC fields, the structure noise follows the relations previously established at larger scales and in lower-density clouds. The fractal dimension has no significant dependence on column density and the values D-p = 1.25 +/- 0.07 are only slightly lower than in typical molecular clouds. The column density probability density functions (PDFs) exhibit large variations, for example, in the case of externally compressed clouds. At scales r > 0.1 pc, the radial column density distributions of the clouds follow an average relation of N similar to r(-1). In spite of a great variety of clump morphologies (and a typical aspect ratio of 1.5), clumps tend to follow a similar N similar to r(-1) relation below r similar to 0.1 pc. RT calculations indicate only factor 2.5 variation in the local radiation field intensity. The fraction of gravitationally bound clumps increases significantly in regions with A v > 5 mag but most bound objects appear to be pressure-confined. Conclusions. The host clouds of the cold clumps in the GCC sample have statistical properties similar to general molecular clouds. The gravitational stability, peak column density, and clump orientation are connected to the cloud background while most other statistical clump properties (e.g. D-p and radial profiles) are insensitive to the environment. The study of clump morphology should be continued with a comparison with numerical simulations.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Juvela, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Malinen, J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Montillaud, J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pelkonen, V-M UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ristorcelli, I UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Toth, L., V UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-182755
DOI:	10.1051/0004-6361/201630304
Journal or Publication Title:	Astron. Astrophys.
Volume:	614
Date:	2018
Publisher:	EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication:	LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN:	1432-0746
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language LATITUDE CLOUD L1642; MOLECULAR CLOUD; FRACTAL STRUCTURE; DUST CONTINUUM; STAR-FORMATION; CONFUSION NOISE; MASS; TEMPERATURE; EMISSIVITY; DIMENSION Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/18275