Guery, Benoit, Menichetti, Francesco, Anttila, Veli-Jukka, Adomakoh, Nicholas, Aguado, Jose Maria, Bisnauthsing, Karen, Georgopali, Areti, Goldenberg, Simon D., Karas, Andreas, Kazeem, Gbenga, Longshaw, Chris, Alejandro Palacios-Fabrega, Jose, Cornely, Oliver A. and Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T. (2018). Extended-pulsed fidaxomicin versus vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection in patients 60 years and older (EXTEND): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3b/4 trial. Lancet Infect. Dis., 18 (3). S. 296 - 308. OXFORD: ELSEVIER SCI LTD. ISSN 1474-4457

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Abstract

Background Clostridium difficile infection causes severe complications and frequently recurs. An extended-pulsed fidaxomicin regimen might facilitate sustained clinical cure by prolonging C difficile suppression and supporting gut microbiota recovery. We aimed to compare clinical outcomes of extended-pulsed fidaxomicin with standard vancomycin. Methods In this randomised, controlled, open-label, superiority study, we recruited hospitalised adults aged 60 years and older with confirmed C difficile infection at 86 European hospitals. Patients were randomly assigned (1: 1) using an interactive web response system to receive extended-pulsed fidaxomicin (200 mg oral tablets, twice daily on days 1-5, then once daily on alternate days on days 7-25) or vancomycin (125 mg oral capsules, four times daily on days 1-10), stratified by baseline C difficile infection severity, cancer presence, age (>= 75 years vs <75 years), and number of previous C difficile infection occurrences. The primary endpoint was sustained clinical cure 30 days after end of treatment (day 55 for extended-pulsed fidaxomicin and day 40 for vancomycin), assessed in all randomised patients who met the inclusion criteria and received at least one dose of study medication (modified full analysis set). Adverse events were assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of study drug. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02254967. Findings Between Nov 6, 2014, and May 5, 2016, 364 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive extended-pulsed fidaxomicin or vancomycin. 362 patients received at least one dose of study medication (181 in each group). 124 (70%) of 177 patients in the modified full analysis set receiving extended-pulsed fidaxomicin achieved sustained clinical cure 30 days after end of treatment, compared with 106 (59%) of 179 patients receiving vancomycin (difference 11% [95% CI 1.0-20.7], p=0.030; odds ratio 1.62 [95% CI 1.04-2.54]). Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events did not differ between extended-pulsed fidaxomicin (121 [67%] of 181) and vancomycin (128 [71%] of 181) treatment arms. One death in the vancomycin arm was considered by the investigator to be related to study drug. Interpretation Extended-pulsed fidaxomicin was superior to standard-dose vancomycin for sustained cure of C difficile infection, and, to our knowledge, extended-pulsed fidaxomicin recurrence rates in this study are the lowest observed in a randomised clinical trial of antibiotic treatment for C difficile infection.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Guery, BenoitUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Menichetti, FrancescoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Anttila, Veli-JukkaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Adomakoh, NicholasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Aguado, Jose MariaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bisnauthsing, KarenUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Georgopali, AretiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Goldenberg, Simon D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Karas, AndreasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kazeem, GbengaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Longshaw, ChrisUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Alejandro Palacios-Fabrega, JoseUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cornely, Oliver A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-193525
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30751-X
Journal or Publication Title: Lancet Infect. Dis.
Volume: 18
Number: 3
Page Range: S. 296 - 308
Date: 2018
Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Place of Publication: OXFORD
ISSN: 1474-4457
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
DOSING REGIMENS; PREVENTION; RECURRENCE; EFFICACYMultiple languages
Infectious DiseasesMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/19352

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