Universität zu Köln

Schoenle, Alexandra, Nitsche, Frank, Werner, Jennifer and Arndt, Hartmut ORCID: 0000-0003-2811-3595 (2017). Deep-sea ciliates: Recorded diversity and experimental studies on pressure tolerance. Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap., 128. S. 55 - 67. OXFORD: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. ISSN 1879-0119

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Abstract

Microbial eukaryotes play an important role in biogeochemical cycles not only in productive surface waters but also in the deep sea. Recent studies based on metagenomics report deep-sea protistan assemblages totally different from continental slopes and shelf waters. To give an overview about the ciliate fauna recorded from the deep sea we summarized the available information on ciliate occurrence in the deep sea. Our literature review revealed that representatives of the major phylogenetic groups of ciliates were recorded from the deep sea (> 1000 m depth): Karyorelictea, Heterotrichea, Spirotrichea (Protohypotrichia, Euplotia, Oligotrichia, Choreotrichia, Hypotrichia), Armophorea (Armophorida), Litostomatea (Haptoria), Conthreep (Phyllopharyngea incl. Cyrtophoria, Chonotrichia, Suctoria; Nassophorea incl. Microthoracida, Synhymeniida, Nassulida; Colpodea incl. Bursariomorphida, Cyrtolophosidida; Prostomatea; Plagiopylea ind. Plagiopylida, Odontostomatida; Oligohymenophorea incl. Peniculia, Scuticociliatia, Hymenostomatia, Apostomatia, Peritrichia, Astomatia). Species occurring in both habitats, deep sea and shallow water, are rarely found to our knowledge to date. This indicates a high deep-sea specific ciliate fauna. Our own studies of similar genotypes (SSU rDNA and cox1 gene) revealed that two small scuticociliate species (Pseudocohnilembus persalinus and Uronema sp.) could be isolated from surface as well as deep waters (2687 m, 5276 m, 5719 m) of the Pacific. The adaptation to deep-sea conditions was investigated by exposing the ciliate isolates directly or stepwise to different hydrostatic pressures ranging from 1 to 550 atm at temperatures of 2 degrees C and 13 degrees C. Although the results indicated no general barophilic behavior, all four isolated strains survived the highest established pressure. A better survival at 550 atm could be observed for the lower temperature. Among microbial eukaryotes, ciliates should be considered as a diverse and potentially important component of deep-sea microeukaryote communities.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Schoenle, Alexandra UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Nitsche, Frank UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Werner, Jennifer UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Arndt, Hartmut UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-3595 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-215130
DOI:	10.1016/j.dsr.2017.08.015
Journal or Publication Title:	Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
Volume:	128
Page Range:	S. 55 - 67
Date:	2017
Publisher:	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Place of Publication:	OXFORD
ISSN:	1879-0119
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language PSEUDOCOHNILEMBUS-PERSALINUS CILIOPHORA; INTRACELLULAR BUBBLE FORMATION; HYDROTHERMAL VENT; MICROBIAL EUKARYOTES; REVISED CLASSIFICATION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; GROWTH-RATES; FATTY-ACIDS; SEDIMENTS; PATTERNS Multiple languages Oceanography Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/21513