Universität zu Köln

King, Georgina E., Pearce, Nicholas J. G., Roberts, Helen M., Smith, Victoria C., Westgate, John A., Gaylord, David R. and Sweeney, Mark R. (2016). Identification of a Kulshan caldera correlative tephra in the Palouse loess of Washington State, northwest USA. Quat. Res., 86 (2). S. 232 - 242. SAN DIEGO: ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. ISSN 1096-0287

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Abstract

The Kulshan caldera formed at -1.15 Ma on the present-day site of Mt. Baker, Washington State, northwest USA and erupted a compositionally zoned (dacite-rhyolite) magma and a correlative eruptive, the Lake Tapps tephra. This tephra has previously been described, but only from the Puget Lowland of NW Washington. Here an occurrence of a Kulshan caldera correlative tephra is described from the Quaternary Palouse loess at the Washtucna site (WA-3). Site WA-3 is located in east-central Washington, similar to 340 km southeast of the Kulshan caldera and similar to 300 km east-southeast of the Lake Tapps occurrence in the Puget Lowland. Major- and trace element chemistry and location of the deposit at Washtucna within reversed polarity sediments indicates that it is not correlative with the Mesa Falls, Rockland, Bishop Ash, Lava Creek B or Huckleberry Ridge tephras. Instead the Washtucna deposit is related to the Lake Tapps tephra by fractional crystallisation, but is chemically distinct, a consequence of its eruption from a compositionally zoned magma chamber. The correlation of the Washtucna occurrence to the Kulshan caldera-forming eruption indicates that it had an eruptive volume exceeding 100 km(3), and that its tephra could provide a valuable early-Pleistocene chronostratigraphic marker in the Pacific Northwest. (C) 2016 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code King, Georgina E. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pearce, Nicholas J. G. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Roberts, Helen M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Smith, Victoria C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Westgate, John A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gaylord, David R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Sweeney, Mark R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-266002
DOI:	10.1016/j.yqres.2016.06.004
Journal or Publication Title:	Quat. Res.
Volume:	86
Number:	2
Page Range:	S. 232 - 242
Date:	2016
Publisher:	ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
Place of Publication:	SAN DIEGO
ISSN:	1096-0287
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language AGE CATACLYSMIC FLOODS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CHANNELED SCABLAND; MOUNT-MAZAMA; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; ERUPTIVE HISTORY; GLASS SHARDS; CRATER LAKE; ICP-MS; STRATIGRAPHIC RECONSTRUCTIONS Multiple languages Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/26600