Universität zu Köln

Hauck, Thomas C., Rethemeyer, Janet, Rentzel, Philippe, Schulte, Philipp, Heinze, Stefan, Ringer, Arpad, Richter, Jurgen, Chu, Wei ORCID: 0000-0002-4595-388X, Lehmkuhl, Frank and Vogels, Oliver (2016). NEANDERTHALS OR EARLY MODERN HUMANS? A REVISED C-14 CHRONOLOGY AND GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE SZELETIAN SEQUENCE IN SZELETA CAVE (KOM. BORSOD-ABAUJ-ZEMPLEN) IN HUNGARY. Archaol. Korrespondenzbl., 46 (3). S. 271 - 291. MAINZ: ROMISCH-GERMANISCHES ZENTRALMUSEUM. ISSN 0342-734X

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Abstract

Szeleta Cave near Miskolc is the eponymous site for the Szeletian technological group thought to reflect the last occurrence of Neanderthals in Central Europe. Because the Szeletian lithic industry contains both Middle Paleolithic and Upper Paleolithic elements, it is usually regarded as a transitional industry. As such, the development of a precise age model for the Szeletian would add substantial information to a period of population replacements in Europe. This concerns the timing of Neanderthal disappearance and their possible cohabitation with Anatomically Modern Humans in Central Europe. Previous age models for the Szeletian either suffered from deficiencies of dating methods and/or poor stratigraphic control of the dated samples. Therefore, population replacement models based on the key archaeological sequence of Szeleta Cave remain ambiguous. For this reason, we developed a new age model for the Szeletian sequence of this cave combined with a geoarchaeological investigation. Our new radiocarbon chronology, based on AMS C-14 dating results of in situ bone and charcoal samples, lends support to the argument that the Szeletian does not represent a transition towards, but rather contemporaneity with the Early Upper Paleolithic. The Szeletian now appears to be of the same age as the Early Aurignacian in the region which is linked to the early Anatomically Modern Humans. Consequently, Neanderthals are the likely authors of the famous Szeletian leaf points bifacially shaped implements that are important cultural markers for the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Hauck, Thomas C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Rethemeyer, Janet UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Rentzel, Philippe UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schulte, Philipp UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Heinze, Stefan UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ringer, Arpad UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Richter, Jurgen UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Chu, Wei UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-4595-388X UNSPECIFIED Lehmkuhl, Frank UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Vogels, Oliver UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-288106
Journal or Publication Title:	Archaol. Korrespondenzbl.
Volume:	46
Number:	3
Page Range:	S. 271 - 291
Date:	2016
Publisher:	ROMISCH-GERMANISCHES ZENTRALMUSEUM
Place of Publication:	MAINZ
ISSN:	0342-734X
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language UPPER PALEOLITHIC TRANSITION; TENFOLD POPULATION INCREASE; ANATOMICALLY MODERN HUMANS; WESTERN-EUROPE; RADIOCARBON-DATES; SPECIES MODEL; MIDDLE; DEPOSITS; ORIGIN; BONE Multiple languages Archaeology Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/28810