Popkes, Miriam and Valenzano, Dario Riccardo ORCID: 0000-0002-8761-8289 (2020). Microbiota-host interactions shape ageing dynamics. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci., 375 (1808). LONDON: ROYAL SOC. ISSN 1471-2970

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Abstract

Occupying the interface between host and environment, host-associated microbes play fundamental roles in nutrient absorption, essential metabolite synthesis, development of the immune system, defence against pathogens and pathogenesis. Microbiota composition and function is rather stable during adulthood, while it dramatically changes during early development, frailty and disease. Ageing is associated with progressive decrease of homeostasis, often resulting in disruption of the physiological balance between host and commensal microbes, ultimately leading to dysbiosis and host demise. Generally, high microbial diversity is associated with health and a youthful state, while low individual microbial diversity and larger inter-individual microbial diversity is associated with ageing and disease states. Different species are equipped with species-specific commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microbial communities. How and whether the specific host-microbiota consortia co-evolved with host physiology to ensure homeostasis and promote individual fitness remains an open question. In this essay, we propose that the evolution of vertebrate-specific immune adaptations may have enabled the establishment of highly diverse, species-specific commensal microbial communities. We discuss how the maintenance of intact immune surveillance mechanisms, which allow discrimination between commensal and pathogenic bacteria, fail during ageing and lead to the onset of known ageing-related diseases. We discuss how host-microbiota interactions are key to maintaining homeostasis despite external perturbations, but also how they affect a range of host-specific ageing-related phenotypes. This article is part of the theme issue 'The role of the microbiome in host evolution'.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Popkes, MiriamUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Valenzano, Dario RiccardoUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-8761-8289UNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-318221
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0596
Journal or Publication Title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
Volume: 375
Number: 1808
Date: 2020
Publisher: ROYAL SOC
Place of Publication: LONDON
ISSN: 1471-2970
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; GUT MICROBIOTA; CELLULAR SENESCENCE; THYMIC INVOLUTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; AGE; EVOLUTION; CELLS; DIET; DYSBIOSISMultiple languages
BiologyMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/31822

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