Scheffer, Louis K., Xu, C. Shan ORCID: 0000-0002-8564-7836, Januszewski, Michal ORCID: 0000-0002-3480-2744, Lu, Zhiyuan, Takemura, Shin-ya ORCID: 0000-0003-2400-6426, Hayworth, Kenneth J., Huang, Gary B., Shinomiya, Kazunori ORCID: 0000-0003-0262-6421, Maitlin-Shepard, Jeremy, Berg, Stuart, Clements, Jody, Hubbard, Philip M., Katz, William T., Umayam, Lowell, Zhao, Ting, Ackerman, David, Blakely, Tim, Bogovic, John, Dolafi, Tom, Kainmueller, Dagmar, Kawase, Takashi, Khairy, Khaled A., Leavitt, Laramie, Li, Peter H., Lindsey, Larry, Neubarth, Nicole, Olbris, Donald J., Otsuna, Hideo, Trautman, Eric T., Ito, Masayoshi, Bates, Alexander S., Goldammer, Jens, Wolff, Tanya, Svirskas, Robert, Schlegel, Philipp, Neace, Erika, Knecht, Christopher J., Alvarado, Chelsea X., Bailey, Dennis A., Ballinger, Samantha, Borycz, Jolanta A., Canino, Brandon S., Cheatham, Natasha, Cook, Michael, Dreher, Marisa, Duclos, Octave, Eubanks, Bryon, Fairbanks, Kelli, Finley, Samantha, Forknall, Nora ORCID: 0000-0003-2139-7599, Francis, Audrey, Hopkins, Gary Patrick, Joyce, Emily M., Kim, SungJin, Kirk, Nicole A., Kovalyak, Julie, Lauchie, Shirley A., Lohff, Alanna, Maldonado, Charli, Manley, Emily A., McLin, Sari, Mooney, Caroline, Ndama, Miatta, Ogundeyi, Omotara, Okeoma, Nneoma, Ordish, Christopher, Padilla, Nicholas, Patrick, Christopher M., Paterson, Tyler, Phillips, Elliott E., Phillips, Emily M., Rampally, Neha, Ribeiro, Caitlin, Robertson, Madelaine K., Rymer, Jon Thomson, Ryan, Sean M., Sammons, Megan, Scott, Anne K., Scott, Ashley L., Shinomiya, Aya, Smith, Claire, Smith, Kelsey, Smith, Natalie L., Sobeski, Margaret A., Suleiman, Alia, Swift, Jackie, Takemura, Satoko, Talebi, Iris, Tarnogorska, Dorota, Tenshaw, Emily, Tokhi, Temour, Walsh, John J., Yang, Tansy, Horne, Jane Anne, Li, Feng, Parekh, Ruchi, Rivlin, Patricia K., Jayaraman, Vivek, Costa, Marta, Jefferis, Gregory S. X. E., Ito, Kei, Saalfeld, Stephan, George, Reed, Meinertzhagen, Ian A., Rubin, Gerald M., Hess, Harald F., Jain, Viren and Plaza, Stephen M. (2020). A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain. eLife, 9. CAMBRIDGE: ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD. ISSN 2050-084X

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Abstract

The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction of the brain of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Improved methods include new procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, and proofread such large data sets. We define cell types, refine computational compartments, and provide an exhaustive atlas of cell examples and types, many of them novel. We provide detailed circuits consisting of neurons and their chemical synapses for most of the central brain. We make the data public and simplify access, reducing the effort needed eLife digest Animal brains of all sizes, from the smallest to the largest, work in broadly similar ways. Studying the brain of any one animal in depth can thus reveal the general principles behind the workings of all brains. The fruit fly Drosophila is a popular choice for such research. With about 100,000 neurons - compared to some 86 billion in humans - the fly brain is small enough to study at the level of individual cells. But it nevertheless supports a range of complex behaviors, including navigation, courtship and learning. Thanks to decades of research, scientists now have a good understanding of which parts of the fruit fly brain support particular behaviors. But exactly how they do this is often unclear. This is because previous studies showing the connections between cells only covered small areas of the brain. This is like trying to understand a novel when all you can see is a few isolated paragraphs. To solve this problem, Scheffer, Xu, Januszewski, Lu, Takemura, Hayworth, Huang, Shinomiya et al. prepared the first complete map of the entire central region of the fruit fly brain. The central brain consists of approximately 25,000 neurons and around 20 million connections. To prepare the map - or connectome - the brain was cut into very thin 8nm slices and photographed with an electron microscope. A three-dimensional map of the neurons and connections in the brain was then reconstructed from these images using machine learning algorithms. Finally, Scheffer et al. used the new connectome to obtain further insights into the circuits that support specific fruit fly behaviors. The central brain connectome is freely available online for anyone to access. When used in combination with existing methods, the map will make it easier to understand how the fly brain works, and how and why it can fail to work correctly. Many of these findings will likely apply to larger brains, including our own. In the long run, studying the fly connectome may therefore lead to a better understanding of the human brain and its disorders. Performing a similar analysis on the brain of a small mammal, by scaling up the methods here, will be a likely next step along this path.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Scheffer, Louis K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Xu, C. ShanUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-8564-7836UNSPECIFIED
Januszewski, MichalUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-3480-2744UNSPECIFIED
Lu, ZhiyuanUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Takemura, Shin-yaUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-2400-6426UNSPECIFIED
Hayworth, Kenneth J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Huang, Gary B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Shinomiya, KazunoriUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-0262-6421UNSPECIFIED
Maitlin-Shepard, JeremyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Berg, StuartUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Clements, JodyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hubbard, Philip M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Katz, William T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Umayam, LowellUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zhao, TingUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ackerman, DavidUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Blakely, TimUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bogovic, JohnUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dolafi, TomUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kainmueller, DagmarUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kawase, TakashiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Khairy, Khaled A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Leavitt, LaramieUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Li, Peter H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lindsey, LarryUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Neubarth, NicoleUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Olbris, Donald J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Otsuna, HideoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Trautman, Eric T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ito, MasayoshiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bates, Alexander S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Goldammer, JensUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wolff, TanyaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Svirskas, RobertUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schlegel, PhilippUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Neace, ErikaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Knecht, Christopher J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Alvarado, Chelsea X.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bailey, Dennis A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ballinger, SamanthaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Borycz, Jolanta A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Canino, Brandon S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cheatham, NatashaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cook, MichaelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dreher, MarisaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Duclos, OctaveUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eubanks, BryonUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fairbanks, KelliUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Finley, SamanthaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Forknall, NoraUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-2139-7599UNSPECIFIED
Francis, AudreyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hopkins, Gary PatrickUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Joyce, Emily M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kim, SungJinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kirk, Nicole A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kovalyak, JulieUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lauchie, Shirley A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lohff, AlannaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Maldonado, CharliUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Manley, Emily A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
McLin, SariUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mooney, CarolineUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ndama, MiattaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ogundeyi, OmotaraUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Okeoma, NneomaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ordish, ChristopherUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Padilla, NicholasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Patrick, Christopher M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Paterson, TylerUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Phillips, Elliott E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Phillips, Emily M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rampally, NehaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ribeiro, CaitlinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Robertson, Madelaine K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rymer, Jon ThomsonUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ryan, Sean M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sammons, MeganUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Scott, Anne K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Scott, Ashley L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Shinomiya, AyaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Smith, ClaireUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Smith, KelseyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Smith, Natalie L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sobeski, Margaret A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Suleiman, AliaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Swift, JackieUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Takemura, SatokoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Talebi, IrisUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tarnogorska, DorotaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tenshaw, EmilyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tokhi, TemourUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Walsh, John J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Yang, TansyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Horne, Jane AnneUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Li, FengUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Parekh, RuchiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rivlin, Patricia K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jayaraman, VivekUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Costa, MartaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jefferis, Gregory S. X. E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ito, KeiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Saalfeld, StephanUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
George, ReedUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Meinertzhagen, Ian A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rubin, Gerald M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hess, Harald F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jain, VirenUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Plaza, Stephen M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-319600
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.57443
Journal or Publication Title: eLife
Volume: 9
Date: 2020
Publisher: ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD
Place of Publication: CAMBRIDGE
ISSN: 2050-084X
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
CENTRAL COMPLEX; MUSHROOM BODY; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; PROJECTION NEURONS; WILD-TYPE; ORGANIZATION; MELANOGASTER; COMPARTMENTALIZATION; RECONSTRUCTION; ARCHITECTUREMultiple languages
BiologyMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/31960

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