Universität zu Köln

Newman, Eryn J., Garry, Maryanne, Unkelbach, Christian ORCID: 0000-0002-3793-6246, Bernstein, Daniel M., Lindsay, D. Stephen and Nash, Robert A. (2015). Truthiness and Falsiness of Trivia Claims Depend on Judgmental Contexts. J. Exp. Psychol.-Learn. Mem. Cogn., 41 (5). S. 1337 - 1349. WASHINGTON: AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC. ISSN 1939-1285

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Abstract

When people rapidly judge the truth of claims presented with or without related but nonprobative photos, the photos tend to inflate the subjective truth of those claims-a truthiness effect (Newman et al., 2012). For example, people more often judged the claim Macadamia nuts are in the same evolutionary family as peaches to be true when the claim appeared with a photo of a bowl of macadamia nuts than when it appeared alone. We report several replications of that effect and 3 qualitatively new findings: (a) in a within-subjects design, when people judged claims paired with a mix of related, unrelated, or no photos, related photos produced truthiness but unrelated photos had no significant effect relative to no photos; (b) in a mixed design, when people judged claims paired with related (or unrelated) and no photos, related photos produced truthiness and unrelated photos produced falseness; and (c) in a fully between design, when people judged claims paired with either related, unrelated, or no photos, neither truthiness nor falsiness occurred. Our results suggest that photos influence people's judgments when a discrepancy arises in the expected ease of processing, and also support a mechanism in which-against a backdrop of an expected standard-related photos help people generate pseudoevidence to support claims.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Newman, Eryn J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Garry, Maryanne UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Unkelbach, Christian UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-3793-6246 UNSPECIFIED Bernstein, Daniel M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lindsay, D. Stephen UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Nash, Robert A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-395627
DOI:	10.1037/xlm0000099
Journal or Publication Title:	J. Exp. Psychol.-Learn. Mem. Cogn.
Volume:	41
Number:	5
Page Range:	S. 1337 - 1349
Date:	2015
Publisher:	AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
Place of Publication:	WASHINGTON
ISSN:	1939-1285
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Human Sciences Faculty of Management, Economy and Social Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Human Sciences > Department Psychologie Center of Excellence C-SEB
Subjects:	Psychology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language DISCREPANCY-ATTRIBUTION HYPOTHESIS; PERCEPTUAL FLUENCY; MEMORY; DISFLUENCY; FEELINGS; AVAILABILITY; CONFIDENCE; ILLUSIONS; FREQUENCY; KNOWLEDGE Multiple languages Psychology; Psychology, Experimental Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/39562