Universität zu Köln

Stein, Benjamin, Zopes, David, Schmudde, Madlen, Schneider, Ralf, Mohsen, Ahmed, Goroncy, Christian, Mathur, Sanjay and Graf, Christina (2015). Kinetics of aggregation and growth processes of PEG-stabilised mono- and multivalent gold nanoparticles in highly concentrated halide solutions. Faraday Discuss., 181. S. 85 - 103. CAMBRIDGE: ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. ISSN 1364-5498

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Abstract

5-6 nm gold nanoparticles were prepared by hydrolytic decomposition of [NMe4]-[Au(CF3)(2)] and functionalized in situ with mono-and multivalent thiolated PEG ligands. Time-dependent changes of the nanoparticles were monitored in aqueous NaCl, NaBr, and NaI solutions by UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, and HRTEM. The purely sterically protected particles are stable in <= 1 M NaCl and NaBr solutions, regardless of the valence of the ligands. At higher concentrations (>= 2 M), the monovalent stabilized particles show minor reaction limited colloidal aggregation. In NaBr but not in NaCl solutions a minor Ostwald ripening also occurs. The divalent stabilized particles remain colloidally stable in both halide solutions, even if the temperature is raised or the concentration is increased above 2 M. In <= 1 M aqueous NaI solutions the particles remain stable. Above, the monovalent stabilized particles undergo an oxidative reaction, resulting in a time-dependent shift and broadening of the absorbance spectrum. Finally, this process slows down while the width of the spectra slightly narrows. The kinetics of this process can be described by a two-step sigmoidal process, comprising a slow induction period where active species are formed, followed by a fast growth and aggregation process. The increasing concentration of fused structures from the aggregates during this process results in a narrowing of the size distributions. The divalent stabilized particles show only some minor broadening and a slight shift of the absorbance spectra in <= 3 M NaI solutions. These observations confirm the excellent stability of the multivalent stabilized particles from this chloride-free particle synthesis.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Stein, Benjamin UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Zopes, David UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schmudde, Madlen UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schneider, Ralf UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Mohsen, Ahmed UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Goroncy, Christian UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Mathur, Sanjay UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Graf, Christina UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-416295
DOI:	10.1039/c5fd00024f
Journal or Publication Title:	Faraday Discuss.
Volume:	181
Page Range:	S. 85 - 103
Date:	2015
Publisher:	ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
Place of Publication:	CAMBRIDGE
ISSN:	1364-5498
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Chemistry > Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language SILVER NANOPARTICLES; PHASE-CHANGE; IODIDE; SHAPE; IONS; ELECTRODES; INTERFACE; MECHANISM; NANORODS; CITRATE Multiple languages Chemistry, Physical Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/41629