Universität zu Köln

Rohde, P. F., Walch, S., Clarke, S. D., Seifried, D., Whitworth, A. P. and Klepitko, A. (2021). The impact of episodic outflow feedback on stellar multiplicity and the star formation efficiency. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 500 (3). S. 3594 - 3613. OXFORD: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. ISSN 1365-2966

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Abstract

The accretion of material on to young protostars is accompanied by the launching of outflows. Observations show that accretion, and therefore also outflows, are episodic. However, the effects of episodic outflow feedback on the core scale are not well understood. We have performed 88 smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations of turbulent dense 1M(circle dot) cores to study the influence of episodic outflow feedback on the stellar multiplicity and the star formation efficiency (SFE). Protostars are represented by sink particles, which use a subgrid model to capture stellar evolution, inner-disc evolution, episodic accretion, and the launching of outflows. By comparing simulations with and without episodic outflow feedback, we show that simulations with outflow feedback reproduce the binary statistics of young stellar populations, including the relative proportions of singles, binaries, triples, etc. and the high incidence of twin binaries with q >= 0.95; simulations without outflow feedback do not. Entrainment factors (the ratio between total outflowing mass and initially ejected mass) are typically similar to 7 +/- 2, but can be much higher if the total mass of stars formed in a core is low and/or outflow episodes are infrequent. By decreasing both the mean mass of the stars formed and the number of stars formed, outflow feedback reduces the SFE by about a factor of 2 (as compared with simulations that do not include outflow feedback).

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Rohde, P. F. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Walch, S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Clarke, S. D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Seifried, D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Whitworth, A. P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Klepitko, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-571531
DOI:	10.1093/mnras/staa2926
Journal or Publication Title:	Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
Volume:	500
Number:	3
Page Range:	S. 3594 - 3613
Date:	2021
Publisher:	OXFORD UNIV PRESS
Place of Publication:	OXFORD
ISSN:	1365-2966
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; RADIATIVE FEEDBACK; DISC FORMATION; PROTOSTELLAR FEEDBACK; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; ACCRETION DISKS; CLOUD; EVOLUTION; DEPENDENCE Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/57153