Universität zu Köln

Nayak, O., Meixner, M., Okada, Y., Lee, M. Y., Chevance, M., Buchbender, C., Fukui, Y., Onishi, T., Parikka, A. and Stutzki, J. (2021). Stellar Feedback on the Earliest Stage of Massive Star Formation. Astrophys. J., 907 (2). BRISTOL: IOP PUBLISHING LTD. ISSN 1538-4357

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Abstract

We report SOFIA/GREAT observations of high-J CO lines and [C ii] observations of the super star cluster candidate H72.97-69.39 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), which is in its very early formation stage. We use our observations to determine if shocks are heating the gas or if photon-dominated regions (PDRs) are being heated by local far-UV radiation. We use a PDR model and a shock model to determine whether the CO and [C ii] lines arise from PDRs or shocks. We can reproduce the observed high-J CO and [C ii] emission with a clumpy PDR model with the following properties: a density of 10(4.7) cm(-3), a mass of 10(4) M, and UV radiation of 10(3.5) in units of Draine field. Comparison with the ALMA beam-filling factor suggests a higher density within the uncertainty of the fit. We find the lower-limit [C ii]/total infrared (TIR) ratio (epsilon) traced by [C ii]/TIR to be 0.026%, lower than other known young star-forming regions in the LMC. Our shock models may explain the CO (16-15) and CO (11-10) emission lines with shock velocity of 8-11 km s(-1), pre-shock density of 10(4)-10(5) cm(-3), and G(UV) = 0 in units of Draine field. However, the [C ii] line emission cannot be explained by a shock model, thus it is originating in a different gas component. Observations of [O i] 63 mu m predicted to be 1.1 x 10(-13) W m(-2) by PDR models and 7.8 x 10(-15) W m(-2) by shock models will help distinguish between the PDR and shock scenarios.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Nayak, O. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Meixner, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Okada, Y. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lee, M. Y. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Chevance, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Buchbender, C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Fukui, Y. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Onishi, T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Parikka, A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Stutzki, J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-598265
DOI:	10.3847/1538-4357/abcb89
Journal or Publication Title:	Astrophys. J.
Volume:	907
Number:	2
Date:	2021
Publisher:	IOP PUBLISHING LTD
Place of Publication:	BRISTOL
ISSN:	1538-4357
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; MU-M EMISSION; C-II; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGION; MECHANICAL FEEDBACK; RADIATION FEEDBACK; GALAXY EVOLUTION; FORMING REGIONS Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/59826