Universität zu Köln

Grefkes, Christian ORCID: 0000-0002-1656-720X and Ward, Nick S. (2014). Cortical Reorganization After Stroke: How Much and How Functional? Neuroscientist, 20 (1). S. 56 - 71. THOUSAND OAKS: SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. ISSN 1089-4098

Full text not available from this repository.

Abstract

The brain has an intrinsic capacity to compensate for structural damage through reorganizing of surviving networks. These processes are fundamental for recovery of function after many forms of brain injury, including stroke. Functional neuroimaging techniques have allowed the investigation of these processes in vivo. Here, we review key advances over the past two decades that have shed light on the neural mechanisms enabling recovery of motor function after stroke. We first provide an overview on invasive stroke models in non-human primates that provided insights into lesion-induced changes in the cortical representations of the upper limb. We then present key findings from neuroimaging studies in human stroke patients, which suggest that the role of contralesional motor hemisphere in supporting recovered function depends on factors such as time since stroke, lesion location and anatomical region. More recently, research has been directed at understanding how surviving brain regions influence one another during movement. It appears that it is not only the corticospinal tract but also brainstem pathways and interhemispheric connections that affect cortical reorganization patterns and functional recovery. In summary, neuroimaging opens the way for greater understanding of the mechanisms of recovery and potentially improves our ability to deliver effective restorative therapy.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Grefkes, Christian UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-1656-720X UNSPECIFIED Ward, Nick S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-447856
DOI:	10.1177/1073858413491147
Journal or Publication Title:	Neuroscientist
Volume:	20
Number:	1
Page Range:	S. 56 - 71
Date:	2014
Publisher:	SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
Place of Publication:	THOUSAND OAKS
ISSN:	1089-4098
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX; DISTAL FORELIMB REPRESENTATIONS; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; SUBCORTICAL STROKE; PREMOTOR CORTEX; LONGITUDINAL FMRI; MACAQUE MONKEYS; PYRAMIDAL TRACT; CORPUS-CALLOSUM Multiple languages Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/44785