Universität zu Köln

Bauer, Fabian ORCID: 0000-0002-0896-5734, Huber, Florian A. ORCID: 0000-0001-6317-4815, Galdamez, Marilyn E., Zorgno, Ivanna ORCID: 0009-0003-6838-9817, Habibollahi, Sina, El Kandoussi, Amine ORCID: 0009-0006-6974-7235, Fintelmann, Florian J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0119-3903, Tonnesen, P. Erik ORCID: 0000-0002-6462-5902, Dietrich, Anna-Sophia W. ORCID: 0009-0004-4341-4032, Wang, Zhe, Graeber, Adam ORCID: 0000-0002-8880-7292, Boutin, Robert D. ORCID: 0000-0001-7887-9658, Lenchik, Leon, Gustine, Joshua N., Staffa, Steven J. ORCID: 0000-0002-7588-7596, Raje, Noopur ORCID: 0000-0003-3066-1275 and Chang, Connie Y. ORCID: 0000-0003-1304-1576 (2025). Body Composition Metrics Associated with Time to Progression in Smoldering Multiple Myeloma. Diagnostics, 15 (21). MDPI. ISSN 2075-4418

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Abstract

[Artikel-Nr. 2760] Objective: To determine the association of body composition (BC) in smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) with time to progression (TTP) to MM. Methods: The quantity and quality of adipose and muscle tissue were retrospectively derived from 63 whole-body low-dose computed tomography (WBLDCT) scans between 2017 and 2021. BC was analyzed by segmenting a single axial image at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebrae. Subjects were grouped into below vs. above the sex-specific median for BC metrics. Clinical information including TTP and progression risk factors were recorded. Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the association between BC metrics and TTP. BC groups were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Thirty subjects progressed over a median follow-up of 49.2 months. For subjects with a subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) cross-sectional area (CSA) below vs. above the median, TTP was 24.8 vs. not reached (p = 0.02). Similarly, TTP was 20.7 vs. not reached (p = 0.01) for those with SAT CSA indexed to height below vs. above the median. High SAT CSA (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.42 [95%CI: 0.20–0.90], p = 0.03) and high SAT index (HR: 0.39 [95%CI: 0.18–0.83], p = 0.01) were both associated with a lower progression risk. High SAT index remained significantly associated with reduced progression risk in multivariate analysis (p = 0.03). There was no association between TTP and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) or muscle metrics. High SAT CSA and index were associated with younger age and higher hemoglobin levels. Conclusions: SAT quantity might serve as a prognostic marker for progression in SMM.

Item Type:	Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Bauer, Fabian UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0896-5734 UNSPECIFIED Huber, Florian A. UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6317-4815 UNSPECIFIED Galdamez, Marilyn E. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Zorgno, Ivanna UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6838-9817 UNSPECIFIED Habibollahi, Sina UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED El Kandoussi, Amine UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6974-7235 UNSPECIFIED Fintelmann, Florian J. UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0119-3903 UNSPECIFIED Tonnesen, P. Erik UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-5902 UNSPECIFIED Dietrich, Anna-Sophia W. UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4341-4032 UNSPECIFIED Wang, Zhe UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Graeber, Adam UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8880-7292 UNSPECIFIED Boutin, Robert D. UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-9658 UNSPECIFIED Lenchik, Leon UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gustine, Joshua N. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Staffa, Steven J. UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7588-7596 UNSPECIFIED Raje, Noopur UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3066-1275 UNSPECIFIED Chang, Connie Y. UNSPECIFIED https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1304-1576 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-800719
Identification Number:	10.3390/diagnostics15212760
Journal or Publication Title:	Diagnostics
Volume:	15
Number:	21
Number of Pages:	13
Date:	31 October 2025
Publisher:	MDPI
ISSN:	2075-4418
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine
Divisions:	Faculty of Medicine > Radiologische Diagnostik > Institut und Poliklinik für Radiologische Diagnostik
Subjects:	Medical sciences Medicine
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language smoldering multiple myeloma ; body composition ; computed tomography ; time to progression English
['eprint_fieldname_oa_funders' not defined]:	Publikationsfonds UzK
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/80071