Maillo-Fernandez, Jose-Manuel ORCID: 0000-0002-7555-4943, Marin, Juan ORCID: 0000-0002-5698-602X, Solano-Megias, Irene, Uribelarrea, David, Martin-Perea, David, Aramendi, Julia, Medialdea, Alicia ORCID: 0000-0001-5895-0736, Arteaga, Carlos, Pernas-Hernandez, Marta, Gidna, Agness, Neogi, Sayantani, Baudot, Eva, Narvaez, Carlos and Mabulla, Audax (2019). Victoria Cabrera Site: A Middle Stone Age site at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. Quat. Int., 526. S. 129 - 155. OXFORD: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. ISSN 1873-4553

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Abstract

Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania) is a key site for the study and comprehension of human evolution in East Africa. However, the origin of Homo sapiens and the Middle Stone Age have been poorly understood in the Gorge thus far. In this study, we present the dating, taphonomic, technological and typological analyses of the lithic industry and faunal remains excavated at the Victoria Cabrera Site (VCS) during the 2017 fieldwork season. The stratigraphic sequence of the site contains several levels of fluvial origin, some of them with lithic and faunal remains. Most remains (lithics and bones) are affected by rounding processes. Infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) dating has provided ages between 90 and 70 ka BP for these layers that can be related to the Marine Isotope Stage 5a. Lithics are scarce and the dominant raw materials are Naibor Soit quarzite and basalt, followed by phonolite, chert and quartz as the most common raw materials. The lithic technology is based on the production of flakes obtained from prepared cores, with the discoid method and, to a lesser extent the Levallois method being the most frequently used. The retouched blanks are described as substratum or domestic tools (sidescrapers, notches or denticulates). There is just one heavy duty piece and points are absent. The faunal assemblage includes Alcelaphinae, Antilopinae and Equidae. The major parts of the unidentified faunal remains are size 3 ungulates, followed by carcasses of size 2 and size 4 species. We cannot relate lithic and bones because no cut marks or percussion marks have been identified and carnivore action is scarce. In sum, VCS represents the first accurately dated Middle Stone Age site, with lithic and faunal remains in Olduvai Gorge.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Maillo-Fernandez, Jose-ManuelUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-7555-4943UNSPECIFIED
Marin, JuanUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-5698-602XUNSPECIFIED
Solano-Megias, IreneUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Uribelarrea, DavidUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Martin-Perea, DavidUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Aramendi, JuliaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Medialdea, AliciaUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-5895-0736UNSPECIFIED
Arteaga, CarlosUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pernas-Hernandez, MartaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gidna, AgnessUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Neogi, SayantaniUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Baudot, EvaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Narvaez, CarlosUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mabulla, AudaxUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-144045
DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2019.07.032
Journal or Publication Title: Quat. Int.
Volume: 526
Page Range: S. 129 - 155
Date: 2019
Publisher: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Place of Publication: OXFORD
ISSN: 1873-4553
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
FLK NORTH; BED I; ORIENTATION PATTERNS; HOMININ BEHAVIOR; ROCK SHELTER; VARIABILITY; ARCHAEOLOGY; EGGSHELL; BEARING; QUARTZMultiple languages
Geography, Physical; Geosciences, MultidisciplinaryMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/14404

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