Universität zu Köln

Kulla, Birte Solveig ORCID: 0000-0001-9244-3527 and Ritter, Christoph (2019). Water Vapor Calibration: Using a Raman Lidar and Radiosoundings to Obtain Highly Resolved Water Vapor Profiles. Remote Sens., 11 (6). BASEL: MDPI. ISSN 2072-4292

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Abstract

We revised the calibration of a water vapor Raman lidar by co-located radiosoundings for a site in the high European Arctic. For this purpose, we defined robust criteria for a valid calibration. One of these criteria is the logarithm of the water vapor mixing ratio between the sonde and the lidar. With an error analysis, we showed that for our site correlations smaller than 0.95 could be explained neither by noise in the lidar nor by wrong assumptions concerning the aerosol or Rayleigh extinction. However, highly variable correlation coefficients between sonde and consecutive lidar profiles were found, suggesting that small scale variability of the humidity was our largest source of error. Therefore, not all co-located radiosoundings are useful for lidar calibration. As we assumed these changes to be non-systematic, averaging over several independent measurements increased the calibration's quality. The calibration of the water vapor measurements from the lidar for individual profiles varied by less than +/- 5%. The seasonal median, used for calibration in this study, was stable and reliable (confidence +/- 1% for the season with most calibration profiles). Thus, the water vapor mixing ratio profiles from the Koldewey Aerosol Raman Lidar (KARL) are very accurate. They show high temporal variability up to 4 km altitude and, therefore, provide additional, independent information to the radiosonde.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Kulla, Birte Solveig UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-9244-3527 UNSPECIFIED Ritter, Christoph UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-154329
DOI:	10.3390/rs11060616
Journal or Publication Title:	Remote Sens.
Volume:	11
Number:	6
Date:	2019
Publisher:	MDPI
Place of Publication:	BASEL
ISSN:	2072-4292
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Geosciences > Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language AEROSOL; TEMPERATURE; EXTINCTION; RETRIEVAL; ACCURACY; AIRBORNE; CLIMATE; RATIO; GNSS Multiple languages Remote Sensing Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/15432