Universität zu Köln

Kuschefski, Marius ORCID: 0000-0003-0778-1180, Falter-Wagner, Christine M., Bente, Gary, Vogeley, Kai and Georgescu, Alexandra Livia ORCID: 0000-0003-1929-5673 (2019). Inferring power and dominance from dyadic nonverbal interactions in autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res., 12 (3). S. 505 - 517. HOBOKEN: WILEY. ISSN 1939-3806

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Abstract

Research studies to date have revealed conflicting results with respect to the processing of nonverbal cues from social interactions in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of two important factors for the perception of dyadic social interactions, namely (a) the movement contingency and (b) the spatial context. To this end, 26 adult participants with ASD and 26 age-, sex-, and IQ-matched typically developed control participants observed animations presenting nonverbal interactions between two human virtual characters enacting power relationships. We manipulated (a) movement contingency by exchanging one of the two original agents with an agent from another dyad and (b) spatial context by changing agents' spatial orientation to a back-to-back position. Participants were asked to rate dominance and submissiveness of these agents. Results showed that the movement contingency manipulation affected accuracy and consistency of power perception and that the spatial context manipulation slowed down reaction times comparably in both groups. With regard to group differences, individuals with ASD were found to judge power relationships slower compared to control participants, potentially suggesting a more explicit processing style in ASD. Furthermore, the spatial context manipulation slowed down the reaction times more in the contingent compared to the non-contingent conditions only in the ASD group. These findings contribute to the ongoing debate whether individuals with ASD have difficulties in understanding nonverbal cues in a dyadic context by suggesting that they do so in more subtle ways than previously investigated. Autism Res 2019, 12: 505-516 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay SummaryThis study shows that the ability and speed of judging who is dominant in a social interaction depends on two factors: (a) whether their movements are matched and (b) whether they are facing each other or not. This is similarly the case for participants with and without autism. Interestingly, however, individuals with autism seem to judge generally slower, suggesting a more explicit processing style. The two factors seem to interact, suggesting that nonverbal processing difficulties are subtler than previously thought.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Kuschefski, Marius UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-1180 UNSPECIFIED Falter-Wagner, Christine M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bente, Gary UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Vogeley, Kai UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Georgescu, Alexandra Livia UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-5673 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-155181
DOI:	10.1002/aur.2069
Journal or Publication Title:	Autism Res.
Volume:	12
Number:	3
Page Range:	S. 505 - 517
Date:	2019
Publisher:	WILEY
Place of Publication:	HOBOKEN
ISSN:	1939-3806
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; MENTAL STATES; PERCEPTION; ADULTS; QUOTIENT; BEHAVIOR; CONSEQUENCES; ATTRIBUTION; CONTINGENCY Multiple languages Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/15518