Universität zu Köln

Gratsch, Swantje, Auclair, Francois, Demers, Olivier, Auguste, Emmanuella, Hanna, Amer, Bueschges, Ansgar and Dubuc, Rejean (2019). A Brainstem Neural Substrate for Stopping Locomotion. J. Neurosci., 39 (6). S. 1044 - 1058. WASHINGTON: SOC NEUROSCIENCE. ISSN 0270-6474

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Abstract

Locomotion occurs sporadically and needs to be started, maintained, and stopped. The neural substrate underlying the activation of locomotion is partly known, but little is known about mechanisms involved in termination of locomotion. Recently, reticulospinal neurons (stop cells) were found to play a crucial role in stopping locomotion in the lamprey: their activation halts ongoing locomotion and their inactivation slows down the termination process. Intracellular recordings of these cells revealed a distinct activity pattern, with a burst of action potentials at the beginning of a locomotor bout and one at the end (termination burst). The termination burst was shown to be time linked to the end of locomotion, but the mechanisms by which it is triggered have remained unknown. We studied this in larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus; the sex of the animals was not taken into account). We found that the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), which is known to initiate and control locomotion, stops ongoing locomotion by providing synaptic inputs that trigger the termination burst in stop cells. When locomotion is elicited by MLR stimulation, a second MLR stimulation stops the locomotor bout if it is of lower intensity than the initial stimulation. This occurs for MLR-induced, sensory-evoked, and spontaneous locomotion. Furthermore, we show that glutamatergic and, most likely, monosynaptic projections from the MLR activate stop cells during locomotion. Therefore, activation of the MLR not only initiates locomotion, but can also control the end of a locomotor bout. These results provide new insights onto the neural mechanisms responsible for stopping locomotion.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Gratsch, Swantje UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Auclair, Francois UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Demers, Olivier UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Auguste, Emmanuella UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Hanna, Amer UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bueschges, Ansgar UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Dubuc, Rejean UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-156905
DOI:	10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1992-18.2018
Journal or Publication Title:	J. Neurosci.
Volume:	39
Number:	6
Page Range:	S. 1044 - 1058
Date:	2019
Publisher:	SOC NEUROSCIENCE
Place of Publication:	WASHINGTON
ISSN:	0270-6474
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RETICULOSPINAL NEURONS; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; REGION; ACTIVATION; INITIATION; CIRCUITS; PEDUNCULOPONTINE; MIDBRAIN; NUCLEUS Multiple languages Neurosciences Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/15690