Universität zu Köln

Hoffmeister, Torben, Schwenke, Dirk, Wachsmuth, Nadine, Krug, Oliver, Thevis, Mario, Byrnes, William C. and Schmidt, Walter F. J. (2019). Erythropoietic effects of low-dose cobalt application. Drug Test. Anal., 11 (2). S. 200 - 208. HOBOKEN: WILEY. ISSN 1942-7611

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Abstract

Cobaltous ions (Co2+) stabilize HIF alpha, increase endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) production, and may, therefore, be used as a performance-enhancing substance. To date, the dosage necessary to stimulate erythropoiesis is unknown. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the minimum dosage necessary to increase erythropoietic processes. In a first double-blind placebo-controlled study (n = 5), single oral Co2+ dosages of 5 mg (n = 6) and 10 mg (n = 7) were administered to healthy young men. Cubital venous blood and urine samples were collected before and up to 24 hours after Co2+ administration. In a second study, the same daily Co2+ dosages were administered for five days (placebo: n = 5, 5 mg: n = 9, 10 mg: n = 7). Blood and urine samples were taken the day before administration and at day 3 and day 5. Plasma [EPO] was elevated by 20.5 +/- 16.9% at 5 hours after the single 5-mg administration (p < 0.05) and by 52.8 +/- 23.5% up to 7 hours following the 10-mg Co2+ administration (p < 0.001). Urine [Co2+] transiently increased, with maximum values 3-5 hours after Co2+ ingestion (5 mg: from 0.8 +/- 1.1 to 153.6 +/- 109.4 ng/mL, 10 mg: from 1.3 +/- 1.7 to 338.0 +/- 231,5 ng/mL). During the five days of Co2+ application, 5 mg showed a strong tendency to increase [EPO], while the 10-mg application significantly increased [EPO] at day 5 by 27.2 +/- 26.4% (p < 0.05) and the immature reticulocyte fraction by 49.9 +/- 21.7% (p < 0.01). [Ferritin] was decreased by 12.4 +/- 10.4 ng/mL (p < 0.05). An oral Co2+ dosage of 10 mg/day exerts clear erythropoietic effects, and 5 mg/day tended to increase plasma EPO concentration.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Hoffmeister, Torben UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schwenke, Dirk UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wachsmuth, Nadine UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Krug, Oliver UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Thevis, Mario UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Byrnes, William C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schmidt, Walter F. J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-157533
DOI:	10.1002/dta.2478
Journal or Publication Title:	Drug Test. Anal.
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Page Range:	S. 200 - 208
Date:	2019
Publisher:	WILEY
Place of Publication:	HOBOKEN
ISSN:	1942-7611
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language IMMATURE RETICULOCYTE; SERUM ERYTHROPOIETIN; BLOOD-CONCENTRATIONS; REFRACTORY ANEMIA; CHLORIDE; VOLUNTEERS; INGESTION; RECOVERY; SAMPLES; HUMANS Multiple languages Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/15753