Universität zu Köln

Calabrese, Gaetano ORCID: 0000-0002-2212-5280, Morgan, Bruce ORCID: 0000-0001-9393-1071 and Riemer, Jan (2017). Mitochondrial Glutathione: Regulation and Functions. Antioxid. Redox Signal., 27 (15). S. 1162 - 1178. NEW ROCHELLE: MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC. ISSN 1557-7716

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Abstract

Significance: Mitochondrial glutathione fulfills crucial roles in a number of processes, including iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis and peroxide detoxification. Recent Advances: Genetically encoded fluorescent probes for the glutathione redox potential (E-GSH) have permitted extensive new insights into the regulation of mitochondrial glutathione redox homeostasis. These probes have revealed that the glutathione pools of the mitochondrial matrix and intermembrane space (IMS) are highly reduced, similar to the cytosolic glutathione pool. The glutathione pool of the IMS is in equilibrium with the cytosolic glutathione pool due to the presence of porins that allow free passage of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) across the outer mitochondrial membrane. In contrast, limited transport of glutathione across the inner mitochondrial membrane ensures that the matrix glutathione pool is kinetically isolated from the cytosol and IMS. Critical Issues: In contrast to the situation in the cytosol, there appears to be extensive crosstalk between the mitochondrial glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Further, both systems appear to be intimately involved in the removal of reactive oxygen species, particularly hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), produced in mitochondria. However, a detailed understanding of these interactions remains elusive. Future Directions: We postulate that the application of genetically encoded sensors for glutathione in combination with novel H2O2 probes and conventional biochemical redox state assays will lead to fundamental new insights into mitochondrial redox regulation and reinvigorate research into the physiological relevance of mitochondrial redox changes.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Calabrese, Gaetano UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-2212-5280 UNSPECIFIED Morgan, Bruce UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-9393-1071 UNSPECIFIED Riemer, Jan UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-211094
DOI:	10.1089/ars.2017.7121
Journal or Publication Title:	Antioxid. Redox Signal.
Volume:	27
Number:	15
Page Range:	S. 1162 - 1178
Date:	2017
Publisher:	MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
Place of Publication:	NEW ROCHELLE
ISSN:	1557-7716
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Chemistry > Institute of Biochemistry
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GAMMA-GLUTAMYLCYSTEINE SYNTHETASE; DISULFIDE BOND FORMATION; THIOREDOXIN PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; OXIDATIVE STRESS-RESPONSE; ATP-DEPENDENT TRANSPORT; INTERMEMBRANE SPACE; 2-OXOGLUTARATE CARRIERS; 1-CYS PEROXIREDOXIN Multiple languages Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/21109