Miletic, Hrvoje (2008). Gene therapy of malignant glioma with retroviral vectors and tumor-infiltrating progenitor cells. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Gene therapy as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of human gliomas is limited by the efficacy of gene transfer and intratumoral distribution of viral vectors. The major goals of this study were to enhance the gene transfer to glioma cells in vivo by using lentiviral vectors and to improve intratumoral distribution by selecting migratory progenitor cells that could function as packaging cells for the viral vectors. Therefore, the final goal was to establish tumor infiltrating packaging cells that release viral vectors within glioma in vivo. Lentiviral vectors were chosen to deliver genes into glioma cells. In contrast to currently used retroviral vectors, they transduce quiescent as well as mitotic cells. This is of major importance as within a defined treatment window, the majority of tumor cells are not mitotically active. However, lentiviral vectors can also infect normal brain cells. To define vectors with a specific tropism for glioma cells, lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with two different glycoproteins were used. Vectors pseudotyped with glycoproteins of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV-GP) mediated efficient and specific transduction of rat glioma cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas vectors pseudotyped with the glycoproteins of the vesicular stomatatitis virus (VSV-G) preferentially transduced normal brain cells [Miletic et al., 2004]. Bone marrow derived progenitor cells were isolated to establish the tumor-infiltrating cells (BM-TICs) that could also serve as packaging cells. BM-TICs have a high passaging capacity in vitro, which is necessary for genetic modification and large scale production in the clinic. They were also found to show specific migration towards and into malignant glioma in vivo. In a therapeutic approach using BM-TICs stably expressing a suicide gene, an efficient therapeutic effect was demonstrated. The modified cells were also detected in vivo by non-invasive positron emission tomography (PET) and therapeutic outcome was followed-up by imaging methods and correlated with histopathology [Miletic et al., 2007]. To test packaging capabilities of BMTICs, the cells were modified with packaging constructs for retroviral LCMV-GP pseudotypes (BM-TIPCs). BM-TIPCs continuously produced retroviral vector particles for several weeks. Upon injection into experimental rat glioma, these cells migrated and were widely distributed within the tumor. Furthermore, released vector particles transduced glioma cells in solid as well as border areas [Fischer, Miletic et al., 2007]. In conclusion, the presented packaging system is highly attractive for future therapeutic applications in human glioblastoma especially in conjunction with an imaging-guided approach.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-22469 | ||||||||
Date: | 2008 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Pathologie und Neuropathologie > Institut für Neuropathologie | ||||||||
Subjects: | Medical sciences Medicine | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 7 October 2007 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/2246 |
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