Balaguer, Albert ORCID: 0000-0002-5222-8635, Monforte-Royo, Cristina ORCID: 0000-0001-8334-4623, Porta-Sales, Josep, Alonso-Babarro, Alberto, Altisent, Rogelio, Aradilla-Herrero, Amor, Bellido-Perez, Mercedes ORCID: 0000-0002-1644-439X, Breitbart, William, Centeno, Carlos ORCID: 0000-0003-3395-7039, Angel Cuervo, Miguel, Deliens, Luc ORCID: 0000-0002-8158-2422, Frerich, Gerrit, Gastmans, Chris ORCID: 0000-0002-5522-0639, Lichtenfeld, Stephanie, Limonero, Joaqun T., Maier, Markus A., Johan Materstvedt, Lars, Nabal, Maria, Rodin, Gary ORCID: 0000-0002-6626-6974, Rosenfeld, Barry, Schroepfer, Tracy, Tomas-Sabado, Joaquin ORCID: 0000-0002-7156-7843, Trelis, Jordi, Villavicencio-Chavez, Christian and Voltz, Raymond (2016). An International Consensus Definition of the Wish to Hasten Death and Its Related Factors. PLoS One, 11 (1). SAN FRANCISCO: PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. ISSN 1932-6203

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Abstract

Background The desire for hastened death or wish to hasten death (WTHD) that is experienced by some patients with advanced illness is a complex phenomenon for which no widely accepted definition exists. This lack of a common conceptualization hinders understanding and cooperation between clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was to develop an internationally agreed definition of the WTHD. Methods Following an exhaustive literature review, a modified nominal group process and an international, modified Delphi process were carried out. The nominal group served to produce a preliminary definition that was then subjected to a Delphi process in which 24 experts from 19 institutions from Europe, Canada and the USA participated. Delphi responses and comments were analysed using a pre-established strategy. Findings All 24 experts completed the three rounds of the Delphi process, and all the proposed statements achieved at least 79% agreement. Key concepts in the final definition include the WTHD as a reaction to suffering, the fact that such a wish is not always expressed spontaneously, and the need to distinguish the WTHD from the acceptance of impending death or from a wish to die naturally, although preferably soon. The proposed definition also makes reference to possible factors related to the WTHD. Conclusions This international consensus definition of the WTHD should make it easier for clinicians and researchers to share their knowledge. This would foster an improved understanding of the phenomenon and help in developing strategies for early therapeutic intervention.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Balaguer, AlbertUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-5222-8635UNSPECIFIED
Monforte-Royo, CristinaUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-8334-4623UNSPECIFIED
Porta-Sales, JosepUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Alonso-Babarro, AlbertoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Altisent, RogelioUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Aradilla-Herrero, AmorUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bellido-Perez, MercedesUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-1644-439XUNSPECIFIED
Breitbart, WilliamUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Centeno, CarlosUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-3395-7039UNSPECIFIED
Angel Cuervo, MiguelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Deliens, LucUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-8158-2422UNSPECIFIED
Frerich, GerritUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gastmans, ChrisUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-5522-0639UNSPECIFIED
Lichtenfeld, StephanieUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Limonero, Joaqun T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Maier, Markus A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Johan Materstvedt, LarsUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nabal, MariaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rodin, GaryUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-6626-6974UNSPECIFIED
Rosenfeld, BarryUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schroepfer, TracyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tomas-Sabado, JoaquinUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-7156-7843UNSPECIFIED
Trelis, JordiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Villavicencio-Chavez, ChristianUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Voltz, RaymondUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-287639
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146184
Journal or Publication Title: PLoS One
Volume: 11
Number: 1
Date: 2016
Publisher: PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
Place of Publication: SAN FRANCISCO
ISSN: 1932-6203
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
ILL CANCER-PATIENTS; TERMINALLY-ILL; ASSISTED SUICIDE; PALLIATIVE CARE; DELPHI TECHNIQUE; OLDER-PEOPLE; DESIRE; DIE; EUTHANASIA; DEPRESSIONMultiple languages
Multidisciplinary SciencesMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/28763

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