Universität zu Köln

Kirsanova, M. S., Ossenkopf-Okada, V, Anderson, L. D., Boley, P. A., Bieging, J. H., Pavlyuchenkov, Ya N., Luisi, M., Schneider, N., Andersen, M., Samal, M. R., Sobolev, A. M., Buchbender, C., Aladro, R. and Okada, Y. (2020). The PDR structure and kinematics around the compact HII regions S235 A and S235 C with [CII], [C-13 II], [O I], and HCO+ line profiles. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 497 (3). S. 2651 - 2670. OXFORD: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. ISSN 1365-2966

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Abstract

The aim of this work is to study structure and gas kinematics in the photodissociation regions (PDRs) around the compact H II regions S235 A and S235 C. We observe the [C II], [C-13 II], and [O I] line emission, using SOFIA/upGREAT, and complement them by data of HCO+ and CO. We use the [C-13 II] line to measure the optical depth of the [C II] emission, and find that the [C II] line profiles are influenced by self-absorption, while the [C-13 II] line remains unaffected by these effects. Hence, for dense PDRs, [C-13 II] emission is a better tracer of gas kinematics. The optical depth of the [C II] line is up to 10 in S235 A. We find an expanding motion of the [C II]-emitting layer of the PDRs into the front molecular layer in both regions. Comparison of the gas and dust columns shows that gas components visible neither in the [C II] nor in low-J CO lines may contribute to the total column across S235 A. We test whether the observed properties of the PDRs match the predictions of spherical models of expanding H II region + PDR + molecular cloud. Integrated intensities of the [C-13 II], [C II], and [O I] lines are well represented by the model, but the models do not reproduce the double-peaked [C II] line profiles due to an insufficient column density of C+. The model predicts that the [O I] line could be a more reliable tracer of gas kinematics, but the foreground self-absorbing material does not allow using it in the considered regions.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Kirsanova, M. S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ossenkopf-Okada, V UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Anderson, L. D. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Boley, P. A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bieging, J. H. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pavlyuchenkov, Ya N. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Luisi, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schneider, N. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Andersen, M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Samal, M. R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Sobolev, A. M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Buchbender, C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Aladro, R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Okada, Y. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-320510
DOI:	10.1093/mnras/staa2142
Journal or Publication Title:	Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
Volume:	497
Number:	3
Page Range:	S. 2651 - 2670
Date:	2020
Publisher:	OXFORD UNIV PRESS
Place of Publication:	OXFORD
ISSN:	1365-2966
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language STAR-FORMING REGIONS; SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRA; D-TYPE EXPANSION; MASSIVE-STAR; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; STELLAR POPULATIONS; MOLECULAR-EMISSION; TIME-EVOLUTION Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/32051