Universität zu Köln

Niels, Timo ORCID: 0000-0002-7309-0161, Tomanek, Annika, Freitag, Nils ORCID: 0000-0002-4415-5421 and Schumann, Moritz (2020). Can Exercise Counteract Cancer Cachexia? A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. Integr. Cancer Ther., 19. THOUSAND OAKS: SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. ISSN 1552-695X

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Abstract

Background: Cancer-cachexia is associated with chronic inflammation, impaired muscle metabolism and body mass loss, all of which are classical targets of physical exercise. Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of exercise on body and muscle mass in cachectic cancer hosts. Data Sources: PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, CINHAL, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched until July 2019. Study Selection: Trials had to be randomized controlled trials or controlled trials including cancer patients or animal models with cachexia-inducing tumors. Only sole exercise interventions over at least 7 days performed in a controlled environment were included. Data Extraction: Risk of bias was assessed and a random-effects model was used to pool effect sizes by standardized mean differences (SMD). Results: All eligible 20 studies were performed in rodents. Studies prescribed aerobic (n = 15), strength (n = 3) or combined training (n = 2). No statistical differences were observed for body mass and muscle weight of the gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis muscles between the exercise and control conditions (SMD = -0.05, 95%CI-0.64-0.55,P= 0.87). Exercise duration prior to tumor inoculation was a statistical moderator for changes in body mass under tumor presence (P= 0.04). Limitations: No human trials were identified. A large study heterogeneity was present, probably due to different exercise modalities and outcome reporting. Conclusion: Exercise does not seem to affect cancer-cachexia in rodents. However, the linear regression revealed that exercise duration prior to tumor inoculation led to reduced cachexia-severity, possibly strengthening the rationale for the use of exercise in cancer patients at cachexia risk.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Niels, Timo UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-7309-0161 UNSPECIFIED Tomanek, Annika UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Freitag, Nils UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-5421 UNSPECIFIED Schumann, Moritz UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-320838
DOI:	10.1177/1534735420940414
Journal or Publication Title:	Integr. Cancer Ther.
Volume:	19
Date:	2020
Publisher:	SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
Place of Publication:	THOUSAND OAKS
ISSN:	1552-695X
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language SKELETAL-MUSCLE; TUMOR-GROWTH; PHYSICAL-EXERCISE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INTERLEUKIN-6; METABOLISM; MECHANISMS; INTENSITY; BIAS Multiple languages Oncology; Integrative & Complementary Medicine Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/32083