Universität zu Köln

Mengotti, Paola ORCID: 0000-0001-8427-1737, Kuhns, Anna B., Fink, Gereon R. ORCID: 0000-0002-8230-1856 and Vossel, Simone ORCID: 0000-0002-6351-8849 (2020). Age-related changes in Bayesian belief updating during attentional deployment and motor intention. Psychol. Res.-Psychol. Forsch., 84 (5). S. 1387 - 1400. HEIDELBERG: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. ISSN 1430-2772

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Abstract

Predicting upcoming events using past observations is a crucial component of an efficient allocation of attentional resources. Therefore, the deployment of attention is sensitive to different types of cues predicting upcoming events. Here we investigated probabilistic inference abilities in spatial and feature-based attentional, as well as in motor-intentional subsystems, focusing specifically on the age-related changes in these abilities. In two behavioral experiments, younger and older adults (20 younger and 20 older adults for each experiment) performed three versions of a cueing paradigm, where spatial, feature, or motor cues predicted the location, color, or motor response of a target stimulus. The percentage of cue validity (i.e., the probability of the cue being valid) changed over time, thereby creating a volatile environment. A Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate trial-wise beliefs concerning the cue validity from reaction times and to derive a subject-specific belief updating parameter omega in each task version. We also manipulated task difficulty: participants performed an easier version of the task in Experiment 1 and a more difficult version in Experiment 2. Results from Experiment 1 suggested a preserved ability of older adults to use the three different cues to generate predictions. However, the increased task demands of Experiment 2 uncovered a difference in belief updating between the two age groups, indicating moderate evidence for a reduction of the ability to update predictions with motor intention cues in older adults. These results point at a distinction of attentional and motor-intentional subsystems, with age-related differences tackling especially the motor-intentional subsystem.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Mengotti, Paola UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-8427-1737 UNSPECIFIED Kuhns, Anna B. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Fink, Gereon R. UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-1856 UNSPECIFIED Vossel, Simone UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-6351-8849 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-328624
DOI:	10.1007/s00426-019-01154-w
Journal or Publication Title:	Psychol. Res.-Psychol. Forsch.
Volume:	84
Number:	5
Page Range:	S. 1387 - 1400
Date:	2020
Publisher:	SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
Place of Publication:	HEIDELBERG
ISSN:	1430-2772
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Human Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Human Sciences > Department Psychologie
Subjects:	Psychology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language SPATIAL ATTENTION; INFERENCE; CINGULATE; ANTERIOR; PROGRAM Multiple languages Psychology, Experimental Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/32862