Universität zu Köln

Tordeux, Antoine, Schadschneider, Andreas ORCID: 0000-0002-2054-7973 and Lassarre, Sylvain (2020). Stop-and-go waves induced by correlated noise in pedestrian models without inertia. J. Traffic Transp. Eng.-Engl. Ed., 7 (1). S. 52 - 61. BEIJING: KEAI PUBLISHING LTD. ISSN 2095-7564

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Abstract

Stop-and-go waves are commonly observed in traffic and pedestrian flows. In most microscopic traffic models, they occur through a phase transition and instability of the homogeneous solution after fine tuning of parameters. Inertia effects are believed to play an important role in this mechanism. In this article, we present a novel explanation for stop-and-go waves based on stochastic effects in the absence of inertia. The model used is a first order optimal velocity (OV) model including an additive stochastic noise. A power spectral analysis for single-file pedestrian trajectories highlights the existence of Brownian speed residuals. We use the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to describe such a correlated noise. The introduction of this specific colored noise in the first order OV model allows describing realistic stop-and-go behavior without requiring instabilities or phase transitions, the homogeneous configurations being systematically stochastically stable. We compare the stochastic model to deterministic unstable OV models and analyze individual speed autocorrelation to describe the nature of the waves in stationary states. We apply the approach to pedestrian single-file motion and compare simulation results to real pedestrian trajectories. The simulation results are quantitatively very similar to the real trajectories. We discuss plausible values for the model parameters and their meaning. (C) 2019 Periodical Offices of Chang'an University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Owner.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Tordeux, Antoine UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schadschneider, Andreas UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-2054-7973 UNSPECIFIED Lassarre, Sylvain UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-347267
DOI:	10.1016/j.jtte.2019.01.006
Journal or Publication Title:	J. Traffic Transp. Eng.-Engl. Ed.
Volume:	7
Number:	1
Page Range:	S. 52 - 61
Date:	2020
Publisher:	KEAI PUBLISHING LTD
Place of Publication:	BEIJING
ISSN:	2095-7564
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language TRAFFIC FLOW; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; 1/F NOISE; SOLITON; STATES; JAMS Multiple languages Transportation Science & Technology Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/34726