Universität zu Köln

Clayton, Richard W., Langan, Ewan A., Ansell, David M., de Vos, Ivo J. H. M., Goebel, Klaus, Schneider, Marlon R., Picardo, Mauro ORCID: 0000-0003-4899-6639, Lim, Xinhong, van Steensel, Maurice A. M. and Paus, Ralf (2020). Neuroendocrinology and neurobiology of sebaceous glands. Biol. Rev., 95 (3). S. 592 - 625. HOBOKEN: WILEY. ISSN 1469-185X

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Abstract

The nervous system communicates with peripheral tissues through nerve fibres and the systemic release of hypothalamic and pituitary neurohormones. Communication between the nervous system and the largest human organ, skin, has traditionally received little attention. In particular, the neuro-regulation of sebaceous glands (SGs), a major skin appendage, is rarely considered. Yet, it is clear that the SG is under stringent pituitary control, and forms a fascinating, clinically relevant peripheral target organ in which to study the neuroendocrine and neural regulation of epithelia. Sebum, the major secretory product of the SG, is composed of a complex mixture of lipids resulting from the holocrine secretion of specialised epithelial cells (sebocytes). It is indicative of a role of the neuroendocrine system in SG function that excess circulating levels of growth hormone, thyroxine or prolactin result in increased sebum production (seborrhoea). Conversely, growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency result in reduced sebum production and dry skin. Furthermore, the androgen sensitivity of SGs appears to be under neuroendocrine control, as hypophysectomy (removal of the pituitary) renders SGs largely insensitive to stimulation by testosterone, which is crucial for maintaining SG homeostasis. However, several neurohormones, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, can stimulate sebum production independently of either the testes or the adrenal glands, further underscoring the importance of neuroendocrine control in SG biology. Moreover, sebocytes synthesise several neurohormones and express their receptors, suggestive of the presence of neuro-autocrine mechanisms of sebocyte modulation. Aside from the neuroendocrine system, it is conceivable that secretion of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters from cutaneous nerve endings may also act on sebocytes or their progenitors, given that the skin is richly innervated. However, to date, the neural controls of SG development and function remain poorly investigated and incompletely understood. Botulinum toxin-mediated or facial paresis-associated reduction of human sebum secretion suggests that cutaneous nerve-derived substances modulate lipid and inflammatory cytokine synthesis by sebocytes, possibly implicating the nervous system in acne pathogenesis. Additionally, evidence suggests that cutaneous denervation in mice alters the expression of key regulators of SG homeostasis. In this review, we examine the current evidence regarding neuroendocrine and neurobiological regulation of human SG function in physiology and pathology. We further call attention to this line of research as an instructive model for probing and therapeutically manipulating the mechanistic links between the nervous system and mammalian skin.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Clayton, Richard W. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Langan, Ewan A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ansell, David M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED de Vos, Ivo J. H. M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Goebel, Klaus UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schneider, Marlon R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Picardo, Mauro UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-4899-6639 UNSPECIFIED Lim, Xinhong UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED van Steensel, Maurice A. M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Paus, Ralf UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-348432
DOI:	10.1111/brv.12579
Journal or Publication Title:	Biol. Rev.
Volume:	95
Number:	3
Page Range:	S. 592 - 625
Date:	2020
Publisher:	WILEY
Place of Publication:	HOBOKEN
ISSN:	1469-185X
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE; HUMAN-SKIN SURFACE; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; NONNEURONAL CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; SEBUM-EXCRETION RATE; GLYCEMIC-LOAD DIET; HAIR FOLLICLE MORPHOGENESIS; CYCLE-DEPENDENT EXPRESSION; APPENDAGE-FREED EPIDERMIS Multiple languages Biology Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/34843