Universität zu Köln

Piechotta, Vanessa, Chai, Khai Li, Valk, Sarah J., Doree, Carolyn, Monsef, Ina, Wood, Erica M., Lamikanra, Abigail, Kimber, Catherine, McQuilten, Zoe, So-Osman, Cynthia, Estcourt, Lise J. and Skoetz, Nicole (2020). Convalescent plasma or hyperimmune immunoglobulin for people with COVID-19: a living systematic review. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. (7). HOBOKEN: WILEY. ISSN 1361-6137

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Abstract

Background Convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin may reduce mortality in patients with viral respiratory diseases, and are currently being investigated in trials as potential therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Athorough understanding of the current body of evidence regarding the benefits and risks is required. Objectives To continually assess, as more evidence becomes available, whether convalescent plasma or hyperimmune immunoglobulin transfusion is effective and safe in treatment of people with COVID-19. Search methods We searched the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 Global Research Database, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Research Article Database and trial registries to identify completed and ongoing studies on 4 June 2020. Selection criteria We followed standard Cochrane methodology. We included studies evaluating convalescent plasma or hyperimmune immunoglobulin for people with COVID-19, irrespective of study design, disease severity, age, gender or ethnicity. We excluded studies including populations with other coronavirus diseases (severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or Middle East respiratory syndrome (MFRS)) and studies evaluating standard immunoglobulin. Data collection and analysis We followed standard Cochrane methodology. To assess bias in included studies, we used the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' too1 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), the Risk of Bias in Non randomised Studies- of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for controlled non-randomised studies of interventions (NRSIs), and the assessment criteria for observational studies, provided by Cochrane Childhood Cancer for non-controlled NRSIs. Main results This is the first living update of our review. We included 20 studies (1 RCT, 3 controlled NRSIs, 16 non-controlled NRSIs) with 5443 participants, of whom 5211 received conva1escent plasma, and identified a further 98 ongoing studies evaluating conva1escent plasma or hyperimmune immunoglobulin, of which 50 are randomised. We did not identify any completed studies evaluating hyperimmune immunoglobulin. Overall risk of bias of included studies was high, due to study design, type of participants, and other previous or concurrent treatments. Effectiveness of convalescent plasma for people with COVID-19 We included results from four controlled studies (1 RCT (stopped early) with 103 participants, of whom 52 received convalescent plasma; and 3 controEled NRSIs with 236 participants, of whom 55 received convalescent plasma) to assess effectiveness of convalescent plasma. Control groups received standard care at time of treatment without convalescent plasma. All-cause mortality at hospital discharge (1 controlled NRSI, 21 participants) We are very uncertain whether convalescent plasma has any effect on a1l-cause mortality at hospital discharge (risk ratio (RR) 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61 to 1.31; very low-certainty evidence). Time to death (1 RCT, 103 participants; 1 controlled NRSI, 195 participants) We are very uncertain whether convalescent plasma pro1ongs time to death (RCT: hazard ratio (HR) 0.74, 95% CI 0.30 to 1.82; controlled NRSI: HR 0.46, 95% C10.22 to 0.96; very low-certainty evidence). improvement of clinical symptoms, assessed by need for respiratory support (1 RCT, 103 participants; I controlled NRSi, 195 participants) We are very uncertain whether convalescent plasma has any effect on improvement of clinical symptoms at seven days (RCT: RR 0.98, 95% C I 0. 3 0 to 3.19), 14 days (RCT: RR 1.85, 9 5% CI 0.91 to 3.77; controlled NRSI: RR 1.08, 9 5% C I 0.91 to 1.29), and 28 days (RCT: RR 1.20, 9 5 % Cl 0.80 to 1.81; very low-certainty evidence). Quality of Ufa No studies reported this outcome. Safety of convalescent plasma for people with COVID-19 We included results from 1 RCT, 3 controlled NRSIs and 10 non-controlled NRSIs assessing safety of conva1escent plasma. Reporting of adverse events and serious adverse events was variable. The controlled studies reported on adverse events and serious adverse events only in participants receiving conva1escent plasma. The duration of fo1low-up varied. Some, but not all, studies included death as a serious adverse event. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events (13 studies, 201 participants) The studies did not report the grade of adverse events. Thirteen studies (201 participants) reported on adverse events of possible grade 3 or 4 severity. The majority of these adverse events were allergic or respiratory events. We are very uncertain whether or not convalescent plasma therapy affects the risk of moderate to severe adverse events (very low-certainty evidence). Serious adverse events (14 studies, 5201 participants) Fourteen studies (5201 participants) reported on serious adverse events. The majority of participants were from one non-controlled NRSI (5000 participants), which reported only on serious adverse events limited to the first four hours after convalescent plasma transfusion. This study included death as a serious adverse event; they reported 15 deaths, four of which they classified as potentially, probably or definitely re1ated to transfusion. Other serious adverse events reported in all studies were predominantly a Elergic or respiratory in nature, including anaphylaxis, transfusion-associated dyspnoea, and transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). We are very uncertain whether or not conva1escent plasma affects the number of serious adverse events. Authors' conclusions We are very uncertain whether convalescent plasma is beneficial for people admitted to hospital with COVID-19. For safety outcomes we also included non-controlled NRSIs. There was limited information regarding adverse events. Of the controlled studies, none reported on this outcome in the control group. There is only very low-certainty evidence for safety of convalescent plasma for COVID-19. While major efforts to conduct research on COVID-19 are being made, problems with recruiting the anticipated number of participants into these studies are conceivable. The early termination of the first RCT investigating convalescent plasma, and the multitude of studies registered in the past months illustrate this. It is therefore necessary to critically assess the design of these registered studies, and well designed studies should be prioritised. Other considerations for these studies are the need to report outcomes for all study arms in the same way, and the importance of maintaining comparability in terms of co-interventions administered in all study arms. There are 98 ongoing studies evaluating convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin, of which 50 are RCTs. This is the first living update of the review, and we vvill continue to update this review periodically. These updates may show different results to those reported here.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Piechotta, Vanessa UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Chai, Khai Li UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Valk, Sarah J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Doree, Carolyn UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Monsef, Ina UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wood, Erica M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lamikanra, Abigail UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kimber, Catherine UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED McQuilten, Zoe UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED So-Osman, Cynthia UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Estcourt, Lise J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Skoetz, Nicole UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-349882
DOI:	10.1002/14651858.CD013600.pub2
Journal or Publication Title:	Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
Number:	7
Date:	2020
Publisher:	WILEY
Place of Publication:	HOBOKEN
ISSN:	1361-6137
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language SARS-CORONAVIRUS; ANTIBODY; INFLUENZA; METAANALYSES; TRANSFUSION; MULTICENTER; INFECTION Multiple languages Medicine, General & Internal Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/34988