Universität zu Köln

Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina ORCID: 0000-0002-3238-6492, Philipp, Markus, Alday, Phillip M., Kretzschmar, Franziska, Grewe, Tanja, Gumpert, Maike, Schumacher, Petra B. ORCID: 0000-0003-0263-8502 and Schlesewsky, Matthias (2015). Age-Related Changes in Predictive Capacity Versus Internal Model Adaptability: Electrophysiological Evidence that Individual Differences Outweigh Effects of Age. Front. Aging Neurosci., 7. LAUSANNE: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. ISSN 1663-4365

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Abstract

Hierarchical predictive coding has been identified as a possible unifying principle of brain function, and recent work in cognitive neuroscience has examined how it may be affected by age related changes. Using language comprehension as a test case, the present study aimed to dissociate age-related changes in prediction generation versus internal model adaptation following a prediction error. Event related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured in a group of older adults (60-81 years; n = 40) as they read sentences of the form The opposite of black is white/yellow/nice. Replicating previous work in young adults, results showed a target related P300 for the expected antonym (white; an effect assumed to reflect a prediction match), and a graded N400 effect for the two incongruous conditions (i.e. a larger N400 amplitude for the incongruous continuation not related to the expected antonym, nice, versus the incongruous associated condition, yellow). These effects were followed by a late positivity, again with a larger amplitude in the incongruous non-associated versus incongruous associated condition. Analyses using linear mixed-effects models showed that the target-related P300 effect and the N400 effect for the incongruous non-associated condition were both modulated by age, thus suggesting that age related changes affect both prediction generation and model adaptation. However, effects of age were outweighed by the interindividual variability of ERP responses, as reflected in the high proportion of variance captured by the inclusion of by condition random slopes for participants and items. We thus argue that at both a neurophysiological and a functional level the notion of general differences between language processing in young and older adults may only be of limited use, and that future research should seek to better understand the causes of interindividual variability in the ERP responses of older adults and its relation to cognitive performance.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-6492 UNSPECIFIED Philipp, Markus UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Alday, Phillip M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kretzschmar, Franziska UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Grewe, Tanja UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gumpert, Maike UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schumacher, Petra B. petra.schumacher@uni-koeln.de orcid.org/0000-0003-0263-8502 UNSPECIFIED Schlesewsky, Matthias UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-386673
DOI:	10.3389/fnagi.2015.00217
Journal or Publication Title:	Front. Aging Neurosci.
Volume:	7
Date:	2015
Publisher:	FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
Place of Publication:	LAUSANNE
ISSN:	1663-4365
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Arts and Humanities
Divisions:	Faculty of Arts and Humanities > Fächergruppe 3: Deutsche Sprache und Literatur > Institut für Deutsche Sprache und Literatur I
Subjects:	Language, Linguistics
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION; OLDER-ADULTS; EEG ALPHA; BRAIN; FREQUENCY; OSCILLATIONS; YOUNGER; N400; TASK Multiple languages Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/38667