Universität zu Köln

Zill, Sasha N., Chaudhry, Sumaiya, Bueschges, Ansgar and Schmitz, Josef (2015). Force feedback reinforces muscle synergies in insect legs. Arthropod Struct. Dev., 44 (6). S. 541 - 554. OXFORD: ELSEVIER SCI LTD. ISSN 1873-5495

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Abstract

The nervous system solves complex biomechanical problems by activating muscles in modular, synergist groups. We have studied how force feedback in substrate grip is integrated with effects of sense organs that monitor support and propulsion in insects. Campaniform sensilla are mechanoreceptors that encode forces as cuticular strains. We tested the hypothesis that integration of force feedback from receptors of different leg segments during grip occurs through activation of specific muscle synergies. We characterized the effects of campaniform sensilla of the feet (tarsi) and proximal segments (trochanter and femur) on activities of leg muscles in stick insects and cockroaches. In both species, mechanical stimulation of tarsal sensilla activated the leg muscle that generates substrate grip (retractor unguis), as well as proximal leg muscles that produce inward pull (tibial flexor) and support/propulsion (trochanteral depressor). Stimulation of campaniform sensilla on proximal leg segments activated the same synergistic group of muscles. In stick insects, the effects of proximal receptors on distal leg muscles changed and were greatly enhanced when animals made active searching movements. In insects, the task-specific reinforcement of muscle synergies can ensure that substrate adhesion is rapidly established after substrate contact to provide a stable point for force generation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Zill, Sasha N. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Chaudhry, Sumaiya UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bueschges, Ansgar UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schmitz, Josef UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-388551
DOI:	10.1016/j.asd.2015.07.001
Journal or Publication Title:	Arthropod Struct. Dev.
Volume:	44
Number:	6
Page Range:	S. 541 - 554
Date:	2015
Publisher:	ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Place of Publication:	OXFORD
ISSN:	1873-5495
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language STICK INSECT; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; CAMPANIFORM SENSILLA; SEARCHING MOVEMENTS; PATTERN GENERATION; SENSORY FEEDBACK; WALKING; LOAD; JOINT; COCKROACH Multiple languages Entomology Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/38855