Christensen, Shawn A., Huffaker, Alisa, Kaplan, Fatma 
ORCID: 0000-0002-9565-0211, Sims, James ORCID: 0000-0003-3472-1642, Ziemann, Sebastian, Doehlemann, Gunther ORCID: 0000-0002-7353-8456, Ji, Lexiang, Schmitz, Robert J., Kolomiets, Michael V., Alborn, Hans T., Mori, Naoki, Jander, Georg, Ni, Xinzhi, Sartor, Ryan C., Byers, Sara, Abdo, Zaid ORCID: 0000-0002-8272-7734 and Schmelz, Eric A.
(2015).
Maize death acids, 9-lipoxygenase-derived cyclopente(a)nones, display activity as cytotoxic phytoalexins and transcriptional mediators.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 112 (36).
S. 11407 - 11413.
WASHINGTON:
NATL ACAD SCIENCES.
ISSN 0027-8424
Abstract
Plant damage promotes the interaction of lipoxygenases (LOXs) with fatty acids yielding 9-hydroperoxides, 13-hydroperoxides, and complex arrays of oxylipins. The action of 13-LOX on linolenic acid enables production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (12-OPDA) and its downstream products, termed jasmonates. As signals, jasmonates have related yet distinct roles in the regulation of plant resistance against insect and pathogen attack. A similar pathway involving 9-LOX activity on linolenic and linoleic acid leads to the 12-OPDA positional isomer, 10-oxo-11-phytodienoic acid (10-OPDA) and 10-oxo-11-phytoenoic acid (10-OPEA), respectively; however, physiological roles for 9-LOX cyclopentenones have remained unclear. In developing maize (Zea mays) leaves, southern leaf blight (Cochliobolus heterostrophus) infection results in dying necrotic tissue and the localized accumulation of 10-OPEA, 10-OPDA, and a series of related 14- and 12-carbon metabolites, collectively termed death acids. 10-OPEA accumulation becomes wound inducible within fungal-infected tissues and at physiologically relevant concentrations acts as a phytoalexin by suppressing the growth of fungi and herbivores including Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium verticillioides, and Helicoverpa zea. Unlike previously established maize phytoalexins, 10-OPEA and 10-OPDA display significant phytotoxicity. Both 12-OPDA and 10-OPEA promote the transcription of defense genes encoding glutathione S transferases, cytochrome P450s, and pathogenesis-related proteins. In contrast, 10-OPEA only weakly promotes the accumulation of multiple protease inhibitor transcripts. Consistent with a role in dying tissue, 10-OPEA application promotes cysteine protease activation and cell death, which is inhibited by overexpression of the cysteine protease inhibitor maize cystatin-9. Unlike jasmonates, functions for 10-OPEA and associated death acids are consistent with specialized roles in local defense reactions.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-393142 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1511131112 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Volume: | 112 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number: | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Page Range: | S. 11407 - 11413 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date: | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Publisher: | NATL ACAD SCIENCES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Place of Publication: | WASHINGTON | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 0027-8424 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language: | English | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Faculty: | Unspecified | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Divisions: | Unspecified | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subjects: | no entry | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
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| URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/39314 |
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