Universität zu Köln

Arndt, Andreas, Hoffacker, Peter, Zellmer, Konstantin, Goecer, Oktay, Recks, Mascha S. and Kuerten, Stefanie (2014). Conventional Housing Conditions Attenuate the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. PLoS One, 9 (6). SAN FRANCISCO: PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. ISSN 1932-6203

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Abstract

Background: The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) has remained unclear, but a causative contribution of factors outside the central nervous system (CNS) is conceivable. It was recently suggested that gut bacteria trigger the activation of CNS-reactive T cells and the development of demyelinative disease. Methods: C57BL/6 (B6) mice were kept either under specific pathogen free or conventional housing conditions, immunized with the myelin basic protein (MBP)-proteolipid protein (PLP) fusion protein MP4 and the development of EAE was clinically monitored. The germinal center size of the Peyer's patches was determined by immunohistochemistry in addition to the level of total IgG secretion which was assessed by ELISPOT. ELISPOT assays were also used to measure MP4-specific T cell and B cell responses in the Peyer's patches and the spleen. Ear swelling assays were performed to determine the extent of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in specific pathogen free and conventionally housed mice. Results: In B6 mice that were actively immunized with MP4 and kept under conventional housing conditions clinical disease was significantly attenuated compared to specific pathogen free mice. Conventionally housed mice displayed increased levels of IgG secretion in the Peyer's patches, while the germinal center formation in the gut and the MP4-specific T(H)17 response in the spleen were diminished after immunization. Accordingly, these mice displayed an attenuated delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction in ear swelling assays. Conclusions: The data corroborate the notion that housing conditions play a substantial role in the induction of murine EAE and suggest that the presence of gut bacteria might be associated with a decreased immune response to antigens of lower affinity. This concept could be of importance for MS and calls for caution when considering the therapeutic approach to treat patients with antibiotics.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Arndt, Andreas UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Hoffacker, Peter UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Zellmer, Konstantin UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Goecer, Oktay UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Recks, Mascha S. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kuerten, Stefanie UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-435847
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0099794
Journal or Publication Title:	PLoS One
Volume:	9
Number:	6
Date:	2014
Publisher:	PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
Place of Publication:	SAN FRANCISCO
ISSN:	1932-6203
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC T; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; TRANSGENIC MICE; CELL; MICROBIOTA; POLYSACCHARIDE; POPULATION; RESPONSES; DISEASE Multiple languages Multidisciplinary Sciences Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/43584