Hallek, M., Fischer, K., Fingerle-Rowson, G., Fink, A. M., Busch, R., Mayer, J., Hensel, M., Hopfinger, G., Hess, G., von Gruenhagen, U., Bergmann, M., Catalano, J., Zinzani, P. L., Caligaris-Cappio, F., Seymour, J. F., Berrebi, A., Jaeger, U., Cazin, B., Trneny, M., Westermann, A., Wendtner, C. M., Eichhorst, B. F., Staib, P., Buehler, A., Winkler, D., Zenz, T., Boettcher, S., Ritgen, M., Mendila, M., Kneba, M., Doehner, H. and Stilgenbauer, S. (2010). Addition of rituximab to fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet, 376 (9747). S. 1164 - 1175. NEW YORK: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. ISSN 0140-6736

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Abstract

Background On the basis of promising results that were reported in several phase 2 trials, we investigated whether the addition of the monoclonal antibody rituximab to first-line chemotherapy with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide would improve the outcome of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Methods Treatment-naive, physically fit patients (aged 30-81 years) with CD20-positive chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were randomly assigned in a one-to-one ratio to receive six courses of intravenous fludarabine (25 mg/m(2) per day) and cyclophosphamide (250 mg/m(2) per day) for the first 3 days of each 28-day treatment course with or without rituximab (375 mg/m(2) on day 0 of first course, and 500 mg/m(2) on day 1 of second to sixth courses) in 190 centres in 11 countries. Investigators and patients were not masked to the computer-generated treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00281918. Findings 408 patients were assigned to fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (chemoimmunotherapy group) and 409 to fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (chemotherapy group); all patients were analysed. At 3 years after randomisation, 65% of patients in the chemoimmunotherapy group were free of progression compared with 45% in the chemotherapy group (hazard ratio 0.56 [95% CI 0.46-0.69], p<0.0001); 87% were alive versus 83%, respectively (0.67 [0.48-0.92]; p=0.01). Chemoimmunotherapy was more frequently associated with grade 3 and 4 neutropenia (136 [34%] of 404 vs 83 [21%] of 396; p<0.0001) and leucocytopenia (97 [24%] vs 48 [12%]; p<0.0001). Other side-effects, including severe infections, were not increased. There were eight (2%) treatment-related deaths in the chemoimmunotherapy group compared with ten (3%) in the chemotherapy group. Interpretation Chemoimmunotherapy with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab improves progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Moreover, the results suggest that the choice of a specific first-line treatment changes the natural course of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Hallek, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fischer, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fingerle-Rowson, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fink, A. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Busch, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mayer, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hensel, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hopfinger, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hess, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
von Gruenhagen, U.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bergmann, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Catalano, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zinzani, P. L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Caligaris-Cappio, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Seymour, J. F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Berrebi, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jaeger, U.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cazin, B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Trneny, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Westermann, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wendtner, C. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eichhorst, B. F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Staib, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Buehler, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Winkler, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zenz, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Boettcher, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ritgen, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mendila, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kneba, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Doehner, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Stilgenbauer, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-494460
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61381-5
Journal or Publication Title: Lancet
Volume: 376
Number: 9747
Page Range: S. 1164 - 1175
Date: 2010
Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
Place of Publication: NEW YORK
ISSN: 0140-6736
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL; PLUS CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYTOKINE-RELEASE; INITIAL THERAPY; III TRIAL; CHEMOIMMUNOTHERAPY; EXPRESSION; LYMPHOMA; DELETIONMultiple languages
Medicine, General & InternalMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/49446

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