Rabenhorst, Anja (2012). The role of mast cells in the microenvironment of tumors. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Mast cells exert important functions in innate and adaptive immunity and are therefore strategically located at inner and outer body surfaces, such as skin, gastrointestinal tract and blood vessels. Once mast cells are activated, they release a broad array of prestored or newly synthesized mediators, including a series of cytokines and chemokines. Recent studies showed that mast cells also infiltrate many types of solid cancers and hematologic malignancies. Here, mast cell products can participate in creating a microenvironment that either promotes or inhibits tumor growth. However, the role of mast cells in tumor biology is still controversial and underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined. In the present study, we show for the first time that mast cell numbers are significantly increased in skin biopsies from patients with primary cutaneous lymphoma. Mast cell infiltration is most prominent in the periphery, at lymphoma rims. Also, degranulation of mast cells is significantly increased. Interestingly, patients with advanced stages of the disease show higher mast cell counts than stable patients. Similarly, numbers of mast cells correlate with disease progression. In addition, mast cell numbers correlate with the density of microvessels. Supernatant of cultured mast cells induces in vitro production of cytokines and proliferation in primary cutaneous lymphoma cells. To further elucidate the contribution of mast cells to tumor biology, we use new transgenic mouse models of inducible or constitutive selective deficiency of connective tissue mast cells and show that growth of subcutaneously injected tumors and chemically induced carcinogenesis is significantly decreased in mast cell-deficient mice. Taken together, these experiments demonstrate that mast cells play a tumor-promoting role in human primary cutaneous lymphoma and different murine tumor models. Moreover, our data provide a rationale for exploiting tumor-associated mast cells as prognostic marker and therapeutic target in primary cutaneous lymphoma and other tumors.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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Corporate Contributors: | Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln | ||||||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-50577 | ||||||||
Date: | 2012 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin | ||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 23 January 2013 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/5057 |
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