Schünke, Hannah, Göbel, Ulrike, Dikic, Ivan ORCID: 0000-0001-8156-9511 and Pasparakis, Manolis ORCID: 0000-0002-9870-0966 (2021). The role of OTULIN in skin inflammation and cell death. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
The skin epithelium provides a physical and immunologically active multilayered barrier that protects the body from environmental factors and mediates cellular immune responses. Especially mechanisms regulating the cell survival and cell death of epidermal keratinocytes play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Inflammatory and cell death signalling is tightly controlled by linear ubiquitination, mediated via the E3 ligase Linear Ubiquitin Assembly Complex (LUBAC) to initiate innate immune responses. LUBAC itself is controlled by OTU deubiquitinase with linear specificity (OTULIN), a deubiquitinating enzyme that specifically degrades linear ubiquitin chains. Mouse model studies suggested that OTULIN deficiency results in loss of LUBAC components and cell death-mediated inflammation. Interestingly, mutations in the gene encoding OTULIN cause the OTULIN-related autoinflammatory syndrome (ORAS), a human genetic disease presented with complex pathological features and systemic inflammation affecting multiple organs, including the skin. The role of OTULIN in regulating skin homeostasis, inflammation and cell death is poorly understood and remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological function of OTULIN in the skin and to unravel the underlying cellular processes. The results acquired in this thesis reveal that OTULIN prevents skin inflammation by inhibiting keratinocyte necroptosis. In detail, deleting OTULIN in the mouse epidermis causes skin lesions that develop in different parts of the skin, including the tail. Those lesions resemble papilloma-like structures and are displayed with an inflammatory gene expression profile. Our genetic studies demonstrate that this skin pathology is driven by TNFR1 mediated RIPK1 kinase-dependent cell death. Furthermore, RIPK3 and MLKL deficiency strongly protect mice lacking OTULIN in keratinocytes from skin inflammation, thereby identifying necroptosis as a key driver, whereas FADD-dependent apoptosis plays a minor role in the skin disease development. Additionally, MyD88 deficiency strongly delayed and ameliorated skin pathology, implying that microbiota-dependent stimuli contribute to the pathogenesis in OTULINE-KO mice. Taken together, the data presented in this study uncover a key role for OTULIN in the epidermis in preventing cell death and inflammation to maintain skin homeostasis.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-537556 | ||||||||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-021-25945-1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Date: | 8 October 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||||||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||||||||||||||
Divisions: | CECAD - Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases | ||||||||||||||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 16 April 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/53755 |
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