Universität zu Köln

Wieland, Ulrike and Kreuter, Alexander (2021). The importance of HPV vaccination in the prevention of AIN and anal cancer. Gynakologe, 54 (11). S. 820 - 829. HEIDELBERG: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. ISSN 1433-0393

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Abstract

In western countries, a steady increase in the incidence of anal carcinoma in men and women has been observed since the beginning of the millennium. Almost all anal cancers are caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV), most frequently by HPV16. Over 95% of anal cancers in HIV-negative patients and 75-92% of anal cancers in HIV-positive patients are associated with HPV types covered by the nonavalent HPV vaccine. High-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-AIN) is a direct precursor of anal cancer. Risk groups for HG-AIN and anal cancer include men who have sex with men (MSM), HIV-positive individuals, and women with a history of cervical/vulvar dysplasia or cervical/vulvar carcinoma. Randomized controlled trials have shown that prophylactic HPV vaccination of HPV-naive individuals effectively prevents anal HPV infections with the vaccine types as well as HG-AIN caused by the vaccine types. In contrast, HPV vaccination of HIV-positive individuals older than 26 years shows no effect in terms of preventing anal HPV infection or HG-AIN. The current German evidence-based and consensus-based S3 guideline on vaccination prevention of HPV-associated neoplasms does not recommend prophylactic HPV vaccination in HIV-negative and HIV-positive individuals aged 27 years and older. Controlled studies have also shown that HPV vaccination has no effect on HG-AIN and that recurrence of HG-AIN is not prevented by posttreatment HPV vaccination. In Germany, HPV vaccination rates of boys and girls are not satisfactory. Measures should be taken to increase vaccination rates in HPV-naive children and adolescents before the initiation of sexual activity.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Wieland, Ulrike UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kreuter, Alexander UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-570609
DOI:	10.1007/s00129-021-04867-5
Journal or Publication Title:	Gynakologe
Volume:	54
Number:	11
Page Range:	S. 820 - 829
Date:	2021
Publisher:	SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
Place of Publication:	HEIDELBERG
ISSN:	1433-0393
Language:	German
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; SMOKING; SEX; PREVALENCE; NEOPLASIA; VIRUS; WOMEN; ANUS Multiple languages Obstetrics & Gynecology Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/57060