Universität zu Köln

Corujo, Luis A., Kieson, Emily, Schloesser, Timo and Gloor, Peter A. (2021). Emotion Recognition in Horses with Convolutional Neural Networks. Future Internet, 13 (10). BASEL: MDPI. ISSN 1999-5903

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Abstract

Creating intelligent systems capable of recognizing emotions is a difficult task, especially when looking at emotions in animals. This paper describes the process of designing a proof of concept system to recognize emotions in horses. This system is formed by two elements, a detector and a model. The detector is a fast region-based convolutional neural network that detects horses in an image. The model is a convolutional neural network that predicts the emotions of those horses. These two elements were trained with multiple images of horses until they achieved high accuracy in their tasks. In total, 400 images of horses were collected and labeled to train both the detector and the model while 40 were used to test the system. Once the two components were validated, they were combined into a testable system that would detect equine emotions based on established behavioral ethograms indicating emotional affect through the head, neck, ear, muzzle, and eye position. The system showed an accuracy of 80% on the validation set and 65% on the test set, demonstrating that it is possible to predict emotions in animals using autonomous intelligent systems. Such a system has multiple applications including further studies in the growing field of animal emotions as well as in the veterinary field to determine the physical welfare of horses or other livestock.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Corujo, Luis A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kieson, Emily UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schloesser, Timo UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gloor, Peter A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-575300
DOI:	10.3390/fi13100250
Journal or Publication Title:	Future Internet
Volume:	13
Number:	10
Date:	2021
Publisher:	MDPI
Place of Publication:	BASEL
ISSN:	1999-5903
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; EQUUS-CABALLUS; ANIMALS; STRESS; BEHAVIOR; ETHOGRAM; INDICATORS; WELFARE Multiple languages Computer Science, Information Systems Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/57530