Universität zu Köln

Canu, Daniela ORCID: 0000-0001-6689-2089, Ioannou, Chara, Mueller, Katarina, Martin, Berthold, Fleischhaker, Christian, Biscaldi, Monica, Beauducel, Andre, Smyrnis, Nikolaos, van Elst, Ludger Tebartz and Klein, Christoph . Visual search in neurodevelopmental disorders: evidence towards a continuum of impairment. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psych.. NEW YORK: SPRINGER. ISSN 1435-165X

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Abstract

Disorders with neurodevelopmental aetiology such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Schizophrenia share commonalities at many levels of investigation despite phenotypic differences. Evidence of genetic overlap has led to the concept of a continuum of neurodevelopmental impairment along which these disorders can be positioned in aetiological, pathophysiological and developmental features. This concept requires their simultaneous comparison at different levels, which has not been accomplished so far. Given that cognitive impairments are core to the pathophysiology of these disorders, we provide for the first time differentiated head-to-head comparisons in a complex cognitive function, visual search, decomposing the task with eye movement-based process analyses. N = 103 late-adolescents with schizophrenia, ADHD, ASD and healthy controls took a serial visual search task, while their eye movements were recorded. Patients with schizophrenia presented the greatest level of impairment across different phases of search, followed by patients with ADHD, who shared with patients with schizophrenia elevated intra-subject variability in the pre-search stage. ASD was the least impaired group, but similar to schizophrenia in post-search processes and to schizophrenia and ADHD in pre-search processes and fixation duration while scanning the items. Importantly, the profiles of deviancy from controls were highly correlated between all three clinical groups, in line with the continuum idea. Findings suggest the existence of one common neurodevelopmental continuum of performance for the three disorders, while quantitative differences appear in the level of impairment. Given the relevance of cognitive impairments in these three disorders, we argue in favour of overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Canu, Daniela UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-6689-2089 UNSPECIFIED Ioannou, Chara UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Mueller, Katarina UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Martin, Berthold UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Fleischhaker, Christian UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Biscaldi, Monica UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Beauducel, Andre UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Smyrnis, Nikolaos UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED van Elst, Ludger Tebartz UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Klein, Christoph UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-590737
DOI:	10.1007/s00787-021-01756-z
Journal or Publication Title:	Eur. Child Adolesc. Psych.
Publisher:	SPRINGER
Place of Publication:	NEW YORK
ISSN:	1435-165X
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; REACTION-TIME VARIABILITY; INTRA-SUBJECT VARIABILITY; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; CHILDHOOD-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; EYE-MOVEMENTS; CHILDREN; ADHD Multiple languages Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/59073