Universität zu Köln

Kehl, Martin ORCID: 0000-0003-4587-5858, Vlaminck, Stefan, Koehler, Tina, Laag, Christian ORCID: 0000-0002-6012-1029, Rolf, Christian, Tsukamoto, Sumiko, Frechen, Manfred, Sumita, Mari, Schmincke, Hans-Ulrich and Khormali, Farhad (2021). Pleistocene dynamics of dust accumulation and soil formation in the southern Caspian Lowlands - New insights from the loess-paleosol sequence at Neka-Abelou, northern Iran. Quat. Sci. Rev., 253. OXFORD: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. ISSN 1873-457X

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Abstract

The southern Caspian Lowland sensitively reacted to Pleistocene climate change and is a key area for reconstructing climate dynamics and landscape evolution in Southern Eurasia. Loess-paleosol sequences (LPS) of the northern foothills of Alborz Mountains provide detailed records of climate-induced changes of dust accumulation and soil formation correlating with relatively dry or moist conditions of the past. The LPS at Neka-Abelou (NA) was studied in detail in order to understand these dynamics and provide a base for regional pedostratigraphic correlation. We have carried out high-resolution analyses of grainsize, sediment color, mass specific and frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility and carbonate content and established a temporal framework as based on luminescence dating using a post-IR infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) protocol and fading corrections. The LPS of NA is composed of finely textured loess, which is subdivided by at least eleven paleosols. Moreover, it contains a thin loess layer with lenses of trachytic tephra which most likely originated from the Damavand volcano and was deposited during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4. The lower part of the LPS at NA consists of four stronglydeveloped reddish-brown paleosols (Bt, Btg horizons) separated by thin layers of pedogenically-altered loess indicating moist climate conditions and low dust accumulation rates during the Middle Pleistocene or earlier. The central part contains a pedocomplex of clay-rich paleosols composed of well developed Bt, ABk and Bw horizons formed under strongly reduced dust accumulation rates and intercalated by loess layers. Pedostratigraphic reasoning suggests that this pedocomplex formed during MIS 5, which is corroborated by luminescence dating. The pedocomplex reflects precession time scale climate change and represents an excellent pedostratigraphic marker recognized in numerous exposures along the northern foothills of the Alborz Mountains. The upper part of the LPS accumulated during the Last Pleniglacial and contains probably six weakly developed synsedimentary paleosols (CBk horizons) as well as the modern soil (Bt horizon). Magnetic susceptibility records show very close similarity with the pleniglacial sequence of the LPS at Toshan located about 100 km farther to the east of the Caspian Lowlands suggesting that the weak paleosols at both locations have formed synchronously, which is supported by luminescence dating. Their presence thus reflects at least a regional-scale climate change between dry phases and those of slightly increased edaphic moisture with ongoing dust supply. The LPS of the Caspian Lowlands document a multitude of changes between dominance of dust accumulation or pedogenesis controlled by moisture availability in the context of Pleistocene climate change. The proposed regional pedostratigraphy for the Late Quaternary provides a scheme for large-scale strati- graphic correlation and reconstruction of climate change in Southern Eurasia. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Kehl, Martin UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-5858 UNSPECIFIED Vlaminck, Stefan UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Koehler, Tina UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Laag, Christian UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-6012-1029 UNSPECIFIED Rolf, Christian UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Tsukamoto, Sumiko UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Frechen, Manfred UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Sumita, Mari UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schmincke, Hans-Ulrich UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Khormali, Farhad UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-594937
DOI:	10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106774
Journal or Publication Title:	Quat. Sci. Rev.
Volume:	253
Date:	2021
Publisher:	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Place of Publication:	OXFORD
ISSN:	1873-457X
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language QUATERNARY CLIMATE-CHANGE; CHINESE LOESS; GRAIN-SIZE; DAMAVAND-VOLCANO; EASTERN ANATOLIA; EUROPEAN LOESS; LAKE VAN; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; FADING-CORRECTION; CENTRAL-ASIA Multiple languages Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/59493