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Park, Thomas J., Smith, Ewan St. J., Reznick, Jane, Bennett, N. C., Applegate, Daniel T., Larson, John and Lewin, Gary R. (2021). African Naked Mole-Rats Demonstrate Extreme Tolerance to Hypoxia and Hypercapnia. In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, S. 255 - 270. CHAM: SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG. ISBN 978-3-030-65943-1; 978-3-030-65942-4

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Abstract

Naked mole-rats are extremely tolerant to low concentrations of oxygen (hypoxia) and high concentrations of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia), which is consistent with the environment that they inhabit. Naked mole-rats combine subterranean living with living in very densely populated colonies where oxygen becomes depleted and carbon dioxide accumulates. In the laboratory, naked mole-rats fully recover from 5 h exposure to 5% O-2 and 5 h exposure to 80% CO2, whereas both conditions are rapidly lethal to similarly sized laboratory mice. During anoxia (0% O-2) naked mole-rats enter a suspended animation-like state and switch from aerobic metabolism of glucose to anaerobic metabolism of fructose. Additional fascinating characteristics include that naked mole-rats show intrinsic brain tolerance to anoxia; a complete lack of hypoxia-induced and CO2-induced pulmonary edema; and reduced aversion to high concentrations of CO2 and acidic fumes. Here we outline a constellation of physiological and molecular adaptations that correlate with the naked mole-rat's hypoxic/hypercapnic tolerance and which offer potential targets for ameliorating pathological conditions in humans, such as the damage caused during cerebral ischemia.

Item Type:	Book Section, Proceedings Item or annotation in a legal commentary
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Park, Thomas J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Smith, Ewan St. J. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Reznick, Jane UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bennett, N. C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Applegate, Daniel T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Larson, John UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lewin, Gary R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-595862
DOI:	10.1007/978-3-030-65943-1_9
Title of Book:	Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Series Name:	Adv.Exp.Med.Biol.
Volume:	1319
Page Range:	S. 255 - 270
Date:	2021
Publisher:	SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
Place of Publication:	CHAM
ISSN:	2214-8019
ISBN:	978-3-030-65943-1; 978-3-030-65942-4
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language ANIMATION-LIKE STATE; HETEROCEPHALUS-GLABER; PAIN INSENSITIVITY; NEUROPROTECTION; LONGEVITY; DAMAGE; MICE Multiple languages Medicine, Research & Experimental; Zoology Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/59586