Критерии для определения степени «опасности» псевдо-аналогонимов («ложных друзей»)

Bunčić, Daniel (2001). Критерии для определения степени «опасности» псевдо-аналогонимов («ложных друзей»). Working Paper. Open Access

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Abstract

Pseudo-analogonyms (also known as ‘false friends’, ‘deceptive cognates’, ‘treacherous twins’, etc.) are a source of lexico-semantic interference. They can be defined as full-words in different languages with formal congruency (i.e. similarity or regular correspondence) that do not provide the best semantic equivalent for one another, e.g. R. stol ‘table’ vs. Bg. stol ‘chair’. Whereas some pseudo-analogonyms cause a lot of trouble for almost all bilinguals, other pairs are hardly ever confused. What determines how ‘dangerous’ a pair of pseudo-analogonyms is? The degree of ‘danger’ can be analyzed on the basis of two factors: the probability of confusion, and the seriousness of the potential consequences. This paper shows that the former factor is much more important than the latter. Among the various items discussed, the risk of confusion is increased especially by an overlap of the aggregate denotations of the words in question and by a semantic connection (proximity or antonymity) between their individual definitions. With criteria like these at hand, the ‘dangerousness’ of any pair of pseudo-analogonyms can be estimated, and certain particularly nasty pairs can be singled out in order to compose effective ‘false friends’ exercises for learners or to mark them in bilingual dictionaries.

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Preprints, Working Papers or Reports (Working Paper)

Translated title:

Title	Language
Criteria for determining the degree of ‘danger’ associated with pseudo-analogonyms (‘false friends’)	English
Kriterien zur Bestimmung des ›Gefährlichkeitsgrades‹ von Pseudo-Analogonymen (›falschen Freunden‹)	German

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