Universität zu Köln

Fischer, Markus L., Bachofer, Felix ORCID: 0000-0001-6181-0187, Yost, Chad L. ORCID: 0000-0002-8867-7854, Bludau, Ines J. E., Schepers, Christian, Foerster, Verena, Lamb, Henry ORCID: 0000-0003-0025-0766, Schaebitz, Frank ORCID: 0000-0003-3879-9308, Asrat, Asfawossen ORCID: 0000-0002-6312-8082, Trauth, Martin H. and Junginger, Annett ORCID: 0000-0003-3486-0888 (2021). A Phytolith Supported Biosphere-Hydrosphere Predictive Model for Southern Ethiopia: Insights into Paleoenvironmental Changes and Human Landscape Preferences since the Last Glacial Maximum. Geosciences, 11 (10). BASEL: MDPI. ISSN 2076-3263

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Abstract

During the past 25 ka, southern Ethiopia has undergone tremendous climatic changes, from dry and relatively cold during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 25-18 ka) to the African Humid Period (AHP, 15-5 ka), and back to present-day dry conditions. As a contribution to better understand the effects of climate change on vegetation and lakes, we here present a new Predictive Vegetation Model that is linked with a Lake Balance Model and available vegetation-proxy records from southern Ethiopia including a new phytolith record from the Chew Bahir basin. We constructed a detailed paleo-landcover map of southern Ethiopia during the LGM, AHP (with and without influence of the Congo Air Boundary) and the modern-day potential natural landcover. Compared to today, we observe a 15-20% reduction in moisture availability during the LGM with widespread open landscapes and only few remaining forest refugia. We identify 25-40% increased moisture availability during the AHP with prevailing forests in the mid-altitudes and indications that modern anthropogenic landcover change has affected the water balance. In comparison with existing archaeological records, we find that human occupations tend to correspond with open landscapes during the late Pleistocene and Holocene in southern Ethiopia.</p>

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Fischer, Markus L. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bachofer, Felix UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-0187 UNSPECIFIED Yost, Chad L. UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-8867-7854 UNSPECIFIED Bludau, Ines J. E. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schepers, Christian UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Foerster, Verena UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lamb, Henry UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-0025-0766 UNSPECIFIED Schaebitz, Frank UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-3879-9308 UNSPECIFIED Asrat, Asfawossen UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-8082 UNSPECIFIED Trauth, Martin H. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Junginger, Annett UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-3486-0888 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-600180
DOI:	10.3390/geosciences11100418
Journal or Publication Title:	Geosciences
Volume:	11
Number:	10
Date:	2021
Publisher:	MDPI
Place of Publication:	BASEL
ISSN:	2076-3263
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language AFRICAN HUMID PERIOD; LATER STONE-AGE; MOCHENA BORAGO ROCKSHELTER; LATE PLEISTOCENE; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; EASTERN AFRICA; NORTHERN KENYA; GODA BUTICHA; SOUTHEASTERN ETHIOPIA; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS Multiple languages Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/60018