Universität zu Köln

Langerbeins, Petra and Hallek, Michael ORCID: 0000-0002-7425-4455 (2022). COVID-19 in patients with hematologic malignancy. Blood, 140 (3). S. 236 - 253. WASHINGTON: AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY. ISSN 1528-0020

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Abstract

The coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) shows a remarkable symptomatic heterogeneity. Several risk factors including advanced age, previous illnesses, and a compromised immune system contribute to an unfavorable outcome. In patients with hematologic malignancy, the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is significantly reduced explaining why the mortality rate of hematologic patients hospitalized for a SARS-CoV-2 infection is about 34%. Active immunization is an essential pillar to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with hematologic malignancy. However, the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines may be significantly impaired, as only half of patients with hematologic malignancy develop a measurable antiviral antibody response. The subtype of hematologic malignancy and B cell-depleting treatment predict a poor immune response to vaccination. Recently, antiviral drugs and monoclonal antibodies for pre-exposure or postexposure prophylaxis and for early treatment of COVID-19 have become available. These therapies should be offered to patients at high risk for severe COVID-19 and vaccine nonresponders. Importantly, as the virus evolves, some therapies may lose their clinical efficacy against new variants. Therefore, the ongoing pandemic will remain a major challenge for patients with hematologic malignancy and their caregivers who need to constantly monitor the scientific progress in this area.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Langerbeins, Petra UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Hallek, Michael UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-7425-4455 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-659632
DOI:	10.1182/blood2021012251
Journal or Publication Title:	Blood
Volume:	140
Number:	3
Page Range:	S. 236 - 253
Date:	2022
Publisher:	AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
Place of Publication:	WASHINGTON
ISSN:	1528-0020
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT; VIRAL LOAD; SARS-COV-2; VACCINE; CANCER; THERAPY; IMMUNOGENICITY; DEMOGRAPHICS; REPLICATION Multiple languages Hematology Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/65963