Universität zu Köln

Kroll, Martin ORCID: 0000-0001-7469-1412, Oez, Seren Dilara, Zhang, Zongbao, Ji, Ran, Schramm, Tim ORCID: 0000-0002-8841-4405, Antrack, Tobias ORCID: 0000-0002-1761-3781, Vaynzof, Yana ORCID: 0000-0002-0783-0707, Olthof, Selina ORCID: 0000-0002-8871-1549 and Leo, Karl ORCID: 0000-0003-3313-1843 (2022). Insights into the evaporation behaviour of FAI: material degradation and consequences for perovskite solar cells. Sustain. Energ. Fuels, 6 (13). S. 3230 - 3240. CAMBRIDGE: ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. ISSN 2398-4902

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Abstract

Thermal co-evaporation is a promising method for large-scale uniform perovskite deposition. However, the optimisation of deposition parameters is an intricate process and often not reproducible between different laboratories. In this work, we look at the decomposition of formamidinium iodide (FAI) upon evaporation in high vacuum by tracking the composition of the residual gas with a mass spectrometer. We find that the precursor material degrades during the evaporation process into hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and sym-triazine (C3H3N3), leading to an increase in pressure, which is commonly observed during the deposition of FAI. Using optical characterisation as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on co-deposited perovskite films, we demonstrate that this background pressure strongly affects the resulting film's stoichiometry. Using two different vacuum setups, we are able to show that significant changes are imposed, e.g. on the optimized co-evaporation rates by the specific vacuum chamber setup. Our results have important implications for the optimized evaporation of FA-based perovskites as they identify key issues related to the deposition of the FAI precursor.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Kroll, Martin UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-1412 UNSPECIFIED Oez, Seren Dilara UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Zhang, Zongbao UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ji, Ran UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schramm, Tim UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-4405 UNSPECIFIED Antrack, Tobias UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-1761-3781 UNSPECIFIED Vaynzof, Yana UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-0707 UNSPECIFIED Olthof, Selina UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-1549 UNSPECIFIED Leo, Karl UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-3313-1843 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-668142
DOI:	10.1039/d2se00373b
Journal or Publication Title:	Sustain. Energ. Fuels
Volume:	6
Number:	13
Page Range:	S. 3230 - 3240
Date:	2022
Publisher:	ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
Place of Publication:	CAMBRIDGE
ISSN:	2398-4902
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language HALIDE PEROVSKITES; THERMAL-DEGRADATION; SYM-TRIAZINE; FORMAMIDINIUM; IODIDE; CH3NH3PBI3; MOBILITIES; FILMS Multiple languages Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/66814