Universität zu Köln

Belekou, Antigoni, Papageorgiou, Charalabos, Karavasilis, Efstratios, Tsaltas, Eleftheria, Kelekis, Nikolaos, Klein, Christoph and Smyrnis, Nikolaos (2022). Paradoxical Reasoning: An fMRI Study. Front. Psychol., 13. LAUSANNE: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. ISSN 1664-1078

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Abstract

Paradoxes are a special form of reasoning leading to absurd inferences in contrast to logical reasoning that is used to reach valid conclusions. A functional MRI (fMRI) study was conducted to investigate the neural substrates of paradoxical and deductive reasoning. Twenty-four healthy participants were scanned using fMRI, while they engaged in reasoning tasks based on arguments, which were either Zeno's like paradoxes (paradoxical reasoning) or Aristotelian arguments (deductive reasoning). Clusters of significant activation for paradoxical reasoning were located in bilateral inferior frontal and middle temporal gyrus. Clusters of significant activation for deductive reasoning were located in bilateral superior and inferior parietal lobe, precuneus, and inferior frontal gyrus. These results confirmed that different brain activation patterns are engaged for paradoxical vs. deductive reasoning providing a basis for future studies on human physiological as well as pathological reasoning.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Belekou, Antigoni UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Papageorgiou, Charalabos UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Karavasilis, Efstratios UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Tsaltas, Eleftheria UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kelekis, Nikolaos UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Klein, Christoph UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Smyrnis, Nikolaos UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-677981
DOI:	10.3389/fpsyg.2022.850491
Journal or Publication Title:	Front. Psychol.
Volume:	13
Date:	2022
Publisher:	FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
Place of Publication:	LAUSANNE
ISSN:	1664-1078
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language QUANTITATIVE METAANALYSIS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; MENTAL MODELS; LANGUAGE; BRAIN; COMPREHENSION; INVOLVEMENT; INFERENCE; METAPHOR; LOGIC Multiple languages Psychology, Multidisciplinary Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/67798