Universität zu Köln

Bisbas, Thomas G., Walch, Stefanie ORCID: 0000-0001-6941-7638, Naab, Thorsten, Lahen, Natalia ORCID: 0000-0003-2166-1935, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo ORCID: 0000-0002-2775-0595, Steinwandel, Ulrich P., Fotopoulou, Constantina M., Hu, Chia-Yu ORCID: 0000-0002-9235-3529 and Johansson, Peter H. (2022). The Origin of the [C II] Deficit in a Simulated Dwarf Galaxy Merger-driven Starburst. Astrophys. J., 934 (2). BRISTOL: IOP Publishing Ltd. ISSN 1538-4357

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Abstract

We present [C II] synthetic observations of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of a dwarf galaxy merger. The merging process varies the star formation rate (SFR) by more than three orders of magnitude. Several star clusters are formed, the feedback of which disperses and unbinds the dense gas through expanding H II regions and supernova (SN) explosions. For galaxies with properties similar to the modeled ones, we find that the [C II] emission remains optically thin throughout the merging process. We identify the warm neutral medium (3 < log T-gas < 4 with chi(HI) > 2 chi(H2)) to be the primary source of [C II] emission (similar to 58% contribution), although at stages when the H II regions are young and dense (during star cluster formation or SNe in the form of ionized bubbles), they can contribute greater than or similar to 50% to the total [C II] emission. We find that the [C II]/far-IR (FIR) ratio decreases owing to thermal saturation of the [C II] emission caused by strong far-UV radiation fields emitted by the massive star clusters, leading to a [C II] deficit medium. We investigate the [C II]-SFR relation and find an approximately linear correlation that agrees well with observations, particularly those from the Dwarf Galaxy Survey. Our simulation reproduces the observed trends of [C II]/FIR versus Sigma(S)(FR) and Sigma(FIR), and it agrees well with the Kennicutt relation of SFR-FIR luminosity. We propose that local peaks of [C II] resolved observations may provide evidence for ongoing massive cluster formation.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Bisbas, Thomas G. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Walch, Stefanie UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-7638 UNSPECIFIED Naab, Thorsten UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lahen, Natalia UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-2166-1935 UNSPECIFIED Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-2775-0595 UNSPECIFIED Steinwandel, Ulrich P. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Fotopoulou, Constantina M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Hu, Chia-Yu UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-9235-3529 UNSPECIFIED Johansson, Peter H. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-684938
DOI:	10.3847/1538-4357/ac7960
Journal or Publication Title:	Astrophys. J.
Volume:	934
Number:	2
Date:	2022
Publisher:	IOP Publishing Ltd
Place of Publication:	BRISTOL
ISSN:	1538-4357
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language 158 MU-M; SPACE-OBSERVATORY MEASUREMENTS; GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS; NEUTRAL ATOMIC PHASES; MICRON LINE DEFICIT; STAR-FORMATION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGION; MILKY-WAY; EMISSION Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/68493