Universität zu Köln

Cobo-Sanchez, Lucia, Pizarro-Monzo, Marcos, Cifuentes-Alcobendas, Gabriel, Jimenez, Blanca, Abellan, Natalia, Courtenay, Lloyd A., Mabulla, Audax, Baquedano, Enrique and Dominguez-Rodrigo, Manuel (2022). Computer vision supports primary access to meat by early Homo 1.84 million years ago. PeerJ, 10. LONDON: PEERJ INC. ISSN 2167-8359

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Abstract

Human carnivory is atypical among primates. Unlike chimpanzees and bonobos, who are known to hunt smaller monkeys and eat them immediately, human foragers often cooperate to kill large animals and transport them to a safe location to be shared. While it is known that meat became an important part of the hominin diet around 2.6-2 Mya, whether intense cooperation and food sharing developed in conjunction with the regular intake of meat remains unresolved. A widespread assumption is that early hominins acquired animal protein through klepto-parasitism at felid kills. This should be testable by detecting felid-specific bone modifications and tooth marks on carcasses consumed by hominins. Here, deep learning (DL) computer vision was used to identify agency through the analysis of tooth pits and scores on bones recovered from the Early Pleistocene site of DS (Bed I, Olduvai Gorge). We present the first objective evidence of primary access to meat by hominins 1.8 Mya by showing that the most common securely detectable bone-modifying fissipeds at the site were hyenas. The absence of felid modifications in most of the carcasses analyzed indicates that hominins were the primary consumers of most animals accumulated at the site, with hyenas intervening at the post-depositional stage. This underscores the role of hominins as a prominent part of the early Pleistocene African carnivore guild. It also stresses the major (and potentially regular) role that meat played in the diet that configured the emergence of early Homo.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Cobo-Sanchez, Lucia UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Pizarro-Monzo, Marcos UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Cifuentes-Alcobendas, Gabriel UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Jimenez, Blanca UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Abellan, Natalia UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Courtenay, Lloyd A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Mabulla, Audax UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Baquedano, Enrique UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Dominguez-Rodrigo, Manuel UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-686313
DOI:	10.7717/peerj.14148
Journal or Publication Title:	PeerJ
Volume:	10
Date:	2022
Publisher:	PEERJ INC
Place of Publication:	LONDON
ISSN:	2167-8359
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language WILD PREDATOR BEHAVIOR; OLDUVAI GORGE; FLK ZINJ; BONE MODIFICATION; PREY SIZE; STONE TOOLS; TOOTH MARKS; LONG BONES; LOMEKWI 3; BED II Multiple languages Multidisciplinary Sciences Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/68631