Universität zu Köln

Niedermaier, Tobias ORCID: 0000-0001-7990-3437, Gredner, Thomas, Kuznia, Sabine, Schoettker, Ben, Mons, Ute ORCID: 0000-0003-1764-6783, Lakerveld, Jeroen, Ahrens, Wolfgang and Brenner, Hermann ORCID: 0000-0002-6129-1572 (2022). Vitamin D food fortification in European countries: the underused potential to prevent cancer deaths. Eur. J. Epidemiol., 37 (4). S. 309 - 321. DORDRECHT: SPRINGER. ISSN 1573-7284

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Abstract

Background: Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have shown that vitamin D supplementation reduces cancer mortality by 13%. Vitamin D fortification of foods may increase vitamin D levels in a similar manner as vitamin D supplementation and could achieve similar reductions in cancer mortality. Whereas some European countries already implemented widespread fortification of foods with vitamin D, in other countries only few or no foods are fortified. In this study, we estimated the reduction in cancer mortality presumably already achieved by current fortification policies in 2017 and the potential for further reductions if all countries had effective fortification. Methods: We reviewed scientific literature, publicly available information, and contacted health authorities to obtain information on current vitamin D food fortification policies in 34 European countries. Together with country-specific cancer death statistics from Eurostat, information on life expectancy, and country-specific fortification policies, we used data from studies on supplementation and serum 25(OH)D increases and cancer mortality to estimate numbers of probably already prevented cancer deaths and numbers of potentially further preventable deaths and years of life lost. Results: Current vitamin D fortification is estimated to prevent approximately 11,000 in the European Union and 27,000 cancer deaths in all European countries considered per year. If all countries considered here would implement adequate vitamin D fortification of foods, an estimated additional 129,000 cancer deaths (113,000 in the European Union) could be prevented, corresponding to almost 1.2 million prevented years of life lost (1.0 million in the EU) or approximately 9% of cancer deaths (10% in the EU). Interpretation: Systematic fortification of foods might considerably reduce the burden of cancer deaths in Europe.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Niedermaier, Tobias UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-7990-3437 UNSPECIFIED Gredner, Thomas UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kuznia, Sabine UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Schoettker, Ben UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Mons, Ute UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-1764-6783 UNSPECIFIED Lakerveld, Jeroen UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ahrens, Wolfgang UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Brenner, Hermann UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-1572 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-687294
DOI:	10.1007/s10654-022-00867-4
Journal or Publication Title:	Eur. J. Epidemiol.
Volume:	37
Number:	4
Page Range:	S. 309 - 321
Date:	2022
Publisher:	SPRINGER
Place of Publication:	DORDRECHT
ISSN:	1573-7284
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language D SUPPLEMENTATION; D DEFICIENCY; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; FOLLOW-UP; RISK; METAANALYSIS; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; GUIDELINES; MORTALITY Multiple languages Public, Environmental & Occupational Health Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/68729