Hams, Leonie ORCID: 0000-0002-2639-0559 (2024). Functional Reorganization of the Somatosensory System in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Background: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the most common cause of spinal cord dysfunction in adults and shows growing prevalence due to demographic trends. Nevertheless, the surgical decision-making is still challenging due to the lack of sufficiently reliable predictors of disease progression and surgical outcome. Recently, the compensatory potential of reorganization processes within the cerebrospinal motor network has been discussed. Somatosensory impairment as an early but often overlooked symptom of DCM, however, was not in the main focus of research so far. In this thesis, the functional adaptation of the somatosensory system in DCM patients was investigated using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Materials and Methods: 18 right-handed participants, including 9 DCM patients (age 56 ± 12 years, 7 male) and 9 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects (age 57 ± 12 years, 7 male) underwent a block design fMRI (3 Tesla) session. The fMRI procedure consisted of alternating, passive somatosensory stimulation of the subjects' dorsal hands and feet using a wooden stick with a felt tip. By means of MATLAB® 2019a and the SPM12 software package, a region of interest (ROI)-wise analysis of BOLD-response was performed at the group level using a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), including the factors “group” (patients/controls), “limb” (hand/foot) and “side” (left/right). Functional hemispheric lateralization was assessed by calculating lateralization indices for individual ROIs. Furthermore, a comprehensive clinical assessment including clinical tests and scores, neurological examination, and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) of the tibial nerve was performed. An SPM multiple regression analysis was performed to determine correlations between BOLD signal change and clinical impairment. Results: Both, patients and controls featured a strongly left-lateralized cortical response in S1 and S2 (p≤0.05, family-wise error (FWE)-corrected) regarding the somatosensory stimulation of the right (dominant) hand. However, activation in patients was lower than in control subjects (p≤0.001, uncorrected). Regarding the other task conditions, controls showed significant responses within the somatosensory cortex (p≤0.05, FWE-corrected) including a consistent activation within the ipsilateral S2. In contrast, patients showed only weak activation in S1 (p≤0.001, uncorrected) and a much scarcer involvement of ipsilateral areas. Regarding hemispheric lateralization, no significant differences were found between DCM patients and healthy controls. Multiple regression analysis provided first evidence of less BOLD activation in the somatosensory cortex in more clinically impaired patients. Conclusion: In summary, the results showed a reduced cortical responsiveness to peripheral stimuli in DCM patients, whereby the cortical representation of the right (preferred) hand appeared to be more robust to deviations due to DCM than the representations of the other tested extremities. Overall, degenerative processes with respect to somatosensory function appeared to predominate in the patient collective studied, which differs from reported evidence of compensatory mechanisms within the motor system. It remains to be investigated based on longitudinal data to what extent clinical impairment and reduced BOLD responses may be reversible after surgical decompression.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-721459 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Date: | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Place of Publication: | Köln | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Neurochirurgie > Klinik für Allgemeine Neurochirurgie | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Life sciences Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 18 December 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/72145 |
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